Noradrenergic and Cholinergic Effects on Speed and Sensitivity Measures of Phasic Alerting.
An intense but task-irrelevant auditory accessory stimulus that is presented almost simultaneously with a visual imperative stimulus can reduce reaction times (RTs) to that stimulus. The information-processing locus and neural underpinnings underlying this phasic alerting effect are still poorly und...
| Publicado en: | Behavioral Neuroscience Vol. 129; no. 1; pp. 42 - 50 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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American Psychological Association
Feb2015
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=100966793&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 100966793 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 07357044 BEN jtl: Behavioral Neuroscience issn: 07357044 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Feb2015 vid: 129 iid: 1 pid: 34 pub: American Psychological Association artinfo: ui: 100966793 10.1037/bne0000030 ppf: 42 ppct: 8 formats: tig: atl: Noradrenergic and Cholinergic Effects on Speed and Sensitivity Measures of Phasic Alerting. aug: au: Brown, Stephen B. R. E. Tona, Klodiana-Daphne van der Wee, Nie J. A. van Noorden, Martijn S. Giltay, Erik J. Nieuwenhuis, Sander affil: Leiden University Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leiden University Medical Center su: Placebos Visual perception testing Auditory perception testing Noradrenergic mechanisms Cholinergic mechanisms Reaction time Clonidine Scopolamine sug: subj: Placebos Visual perception testing Auditory perception testing Noradrenergic mechanisms Cholinergic mechanisms Reaction time Clonidine Scopolamine keyword: accessory stimulus acetylcholine noradrenaline perception temporal attention accessory stimulus acetylcholine noradrenaline perception temporal attention ab: An intense but task-irrelevant auditory accessory stimulus that is presented almost simultaneously with a visual imperative stimulus can reduce reaction times (RTs) to that stimulus. The information-processing locus and neural underpinnings underlying this phasic alerting effect are still poorly understood. The authors investigated a possible noradrenergic or cholinergic basis of the accessory stimulus effect in a double-blind pharmacological study (N = 18), in which healthy participants received a single dose of Clonidine (an a2 -a<J renergic aganist), scopolamine (a muscarinic antagonist), and placebo in separate test sessions. A backward-masking procedure was used to examine, for the first time, the effect of accessory stimuli on perceptual sensitivity. The authors found that accessory stimuli enhanced perceptual sensitivity and decreased RTs to target stimuli, consistent with a recent hypothesis that phasic alerting speeds up stimulus encoding. In contrast to the authors' expectations, Clonidine increased the accessory stimulus effect, a finding that seems at odds with earlier proposals that phasic alerting effects are mediated by a phasic noradrenergic response. Furthermore, the accessory stimulus effect was modulated to a similar extent by Clonidine and scopolamine, suggesting that the effect of Clonidine was not specific to the noradrenergic system. The results instead suggest that Clonidine and scopolamine decrease general alertness and that these drug-related reductions in alertness yield room for compensatory performance improvements by phasic alerting. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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