Cardio- and cerebrovascular responses to the energy drink Red Bull in young adults: a randomized cross-over study.

Purpose: Energy drinks are beverages containing vasoactive metabolites, usually a combination of caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone and sugars. There are concerns about the safety of energy drinks with some countries banning their sales. We determined the acute effects of a popular energy drink, Re...

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Publicado en:European Journal of Nutrition Vol. 53; no. 7; pp. 1561 - 1572
Autores principales: Grasser, Erik, Yepuri, Gayathri, Dulloo, Abdul, Montani, Jean-Pierre
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Springer Nature Oct2014
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Oct2014
      vid: 53
      iid: 7
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      pub: Springer Nature
      place: New York, New York
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        10.1007/s00394-014-0661-8
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        atl: Cardio- and cerebrovascular responses to the energy drink Red Bull in young adults: a randomized cross-over study.
      aug:
        au:
          Grasser, Erik
          Yepuri, Gayathri
          Dulloo, Abdul
          Montani, Jean-Pierre
        affil: Laboratory of Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Physiology, Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
      sug:
        subj:
          Energy Drinks Adverse Effects
          Blood Pressure Evaluation
          Cerebrovascular Circulation Evaluation
          Funding Source
          Human
          Young Adult
          Adult
          Descriptive Statistics
          P-Value
          Male
          Female
          Questionnaires
          Ultrasonography, Doppler
          Analysis of Variance
          Friedman Test
          Post Hoc Analysis
          Paired T-Tests
          Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
          Data Analysis, Statistical
          Data Analysis Software
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Purpose: Energy drinks are beverages containing vasoactive metabolites, usually a combination of caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone and sugars. There are concerns about the safety of energy drinks with some countries banning their sales. We determined the acute effects of a popular energy drink, Red Bull, on cardiovascular and hemodynamic variables, cerebrovascular parameters and microvascular endothelial function. Methods: Twenty-five young non-obese and healthy subjects attended two experimental sessions on separate days according to a randomized crossover study design. During each session, primary measurements included beat-to-beat blood pressure measurements, impedance cardiography and transcranial Doppler measurements for at least 20 min baseline and for 2 h following the ingestion of either 355 mL of the energy drink or 355 mL of tap water; the endothelial function test was performed before and two hours after either drink. Results: Unlike the water control load, Red Bull consumption led to increases in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.005), associated with increased heart rate and cardiac output ( p < 0.05), with no significant changes in total peripheral resistance and without diminished endothelial response to acetylcholine; consequently, double product (reflecting myocardial load) was increased ( p < 0.005). Red Bull consumption also led to increases in cerebrovascular resistance and breathing frequency ( p < 0.005), as well as to decreases in cerebral blood flow velocity ( p < 0.005) and end-tidal carbon dioxide ( p < 0.005). Conclusion: Our results show an overall negative hemodynamic profile in response to ingestion of the energy drink Red Bull, in particular an elevated blood pressure and double product and a lower cerebral blood flow velocity.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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