Trends in all-cause mortality during the scale-up of an antiretroviral therapy programme: a cross-sectional study in Lusaka, Zambia.

Objective To follow the trends in all-cause mortality in Lusaka, Zambia, during the scale-up of a national programme of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods Between November 2004 and September 2011, we conducted 12 survey rounds as part of a cross-sectional study in Lusaka, with independent samplin...

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Publicado en:Bulletin of the World Health Organization Vol. 92; no. 10; pp. 734 - 742
Autores principales: Rathod, Sujit D., Chi, Benjamin H., Kusanthan, Thankian, Chilopa, Batista, Levy, Jens, Sikazwe, Izukanji, Mwaba, Peter, Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: World Health Organization Oct2014
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Trends in all-cause mortality during the scale-up of an antiretroviral therapy programme: a cross-sectional study in Lusaka, Zambia.
      aug:
        au:
          Rathod, Sujit D.
          Chi, Benjamin H.
          Kusanthan, Thankian
          Chilopa, Batista
          Levy, Jens
          Sikazwe, Izukanji
          Mwaba, Peter
          Stringer, Jeffrey S. A.
        affil: Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, England
      sug:
        subj:
          Mortality Trends
          Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active Evaluation
          Anti-HIV Agents
          Funding Source
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Cross Sectional Studies
          Zambia
          Surveys
          Descriptive Statistics
          Confidence Intervals
          P-Value
          Random Sample
          Interviews
          Data Analysis, Statistical
          Data Analysis Software
          Poisson Distribution
          Infant
          Child, Preschool
          Child
          Adolescence
          Adult
          Middle Age
          Aged
          Infant: 1-23 months
          Child, Preschool: 2-5 years
          Child: 6-12 years
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Aged: 65+ years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Objective To follow the trends in all-cause mortality in Lusaka, Zambia, during the scale-up of a national programme of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods Between November 2004 and September 2011, we conducted 12 survey rounds as part of a cross-sectional study in Lusaka, with independent sampling in each round. In each survey, we asked the heads of 3600 households to state the number of deaths in their households in the previous 12 months and the number of orphans aged less than 16 years in their households and investigated the heads’ knowledge, attitudes and practices related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Findings The number of deaths we recorded--per 100 person–years--in each survey ranged from 0.92 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.78-1.09) in September 2011, to 1.94 (95% CI: 1.60-2.35) in March 2007. We found that mortality decreased only modestly each year (mortality rate ratio: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.95-1.00; P = 0.093). The proportion of households with orphans under the age of 16 years decreased from 17% in 2004 to 7% in 2011. The proportions of respondents who had ever been tested for HIV, had a comprehensive knowledge of HIV, knew where to obtain free ART and reported that a non-pregnant household member was receiving ART gradually increased. Conclusion The expansion of ART services in Lusaka was not associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality. Coverage, patient adherence and retention may all have to be increased if ART is to have a robust and lasting impact at population level in Lusaka.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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