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Expressive writing in people with traumatic brain injury and learning disability.

BACKGROUND: There is a dearth of systematic studies of expressive writing disorder (EWD) in persons with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). It is unclear if TBI survivors' written expression differs significantly from that experienced by persons with learning disabilities. It is also unclear which cognit...

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Published in:NeuroRehabilitation Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 29 - 38
Main Authors: Wheeler, Lisa, Nickerson, Sherry, Long, Kayla, Silver, Rebecca
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Sage Publications Inc. 2014
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      pub: Sage Publications Inc.
      place: Thousand Oaks, California
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        atl: Expressive writing in people with traumatic brain injury and learning disability.
      aug:
        au:
          Wheeler, Lisa
          Nickerson, Sherry
          Long, Kayla
          Silver, Rebecca
        affil: Towson University, Towson, MD, USA
      sug:
        subj:
          Brain Injuries
          Learning Disorders
          Writing
          Human
          Adult
          Data Analysis Software
          Psychological Tests
          Scales
          Adult: 19-44 years
      ab: BACKGROUND: There is a dearth of systematic studies of expressive writing disorder (EWD) in persons with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). It is unclear if TBI survivors' written expression differs significantly from that experienced by persons with learning disabilities. It is also unclear which cognitive or neuropsychological variables predict problems with expressive writing (EW) or the EWD. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the EW skill, and the EWD in adults with mild traumatic brain injuries (TBI) relative to those with learning disabilities (LD). It also determined which of several cognitive variables predicted EW and EWD. METHODS: Principle Component Analysis (PCA) of writing samples from 28 LD participants and 28 TBI survivors revealed four components of expressive writing skills: Reading Ease, Sentence Fluency, Grammar and Spelling, and Paragraph Fluency. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the LD and TBI groups on any of the expressive writing components. Several neuropsychological variables predicted skills of written expression. The best predictors included measures of spatial perception, verbal IQ, working memory, and visual memory. CONCLUSIONS: TBI survivors and persons with LD do not differ markedly in terms of expressive writing skill. Measures of spatial perception, visual memory, verbal intelligence, and working memory predict writing skill in both groups. Several therapeutic interventions are suggested that are specifically designed to improve deficits in expressive writing skills in individuals with TBI and LD.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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