Comparison of the Bacterial Etiology of Early-Onset and Late-Onset Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Subjects Enrolled in 2 Large Clinical Studies.

BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is classified as early-onset or late-onset, in part, to identify subjects at risk for infection with resistant pathogens. We assessed differences in the bacterial etiology of early-onset versus late-onset VAP. METHODS: Subjects enrolled in 2004-2006...

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Publicado en:Respiratory Care Vol. 58; no. 7; pp. 1220 - 1226
Autores principales: Restrepo, Marcos I., Peterson, Janet, Fernandez, Juan F., Zhihai Qin, Fisher, Alan C., Nicholson, Susan C.
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Jul2013
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      pub: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
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        atl: Comparison of the Bacterial Etiology of Early-Onset and Late-Onset Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Subjects Enrolled in 2 Large Clinical Studies.
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          Restrepo, Marcos I.
          Peterson, Janet
          Fernandez, Juan F.
          Zhihai Qin
          Fisher, Alan C.
          Nicholson, Susan C.
        affil: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; Veterans Evidence Based Research Dissemination and Implementation Center (VERDICT), Audie L Murphy Division, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
      sug:
        subj:
          Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated Microbiology
          Age of Onset Evaluation
          Delayed Onset Evaluation
          Human
          Scales
          Prospective Studies
          Retrospective Design
          Male
          Female
          Adult
          APACHE (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation)
          Middle Age
          Aged
          Fisher's Exact Test
          Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
          Mann-Whitney U Test
          Descriptive Statistics
          Data Analysis Software
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Aged: 65+ years
          Male
          Female
      ab: BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is classified as early-onset or late-onset, in part, to identify subjects at risk for infection with resistant pathogens. We assessed differences in the bacterial etiology of early-onset versus late-onset VAP. METHODS: Subjects enrolled in 2004-2006 in 2 clinical studies of doripenem versus imipenem or piperacillin/tazobactam, with a diagnosis of VAP (n 500) were included in the analysis. Subjects were classified by ventilator status: early-onset VAP (< 5 d of ventilation) or late-onset VAP (≥ 5 d of ventilation). Baseline demographics and bacterial etiology were analyzed by VAP status. RESULTS: Late-onset VAP subjects had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) scores (mean 16.6 versus 15.5, P = .008). There were no significant differences in Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score, sex, age, or presence of bacteremia between the groups. A total of 496 subjects had a baseline pathogen, and 50% of subjects in each group had ≥ 2 pathogens. With the exception of Staphylococcus aureus, which was common in early-onset VAP, the pathogens (including potentially multidrug- resistant (MDR) pathogens) isolated from early-onset versus late-onset VAP were not significantly different between groups. Acinetobacter baumannii or Pseudomonas aeruginosa with decreased susceptibility to any study drug was observed in early-onset and late-onset VAP subjects. CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant differences in the prevalence of potential MDR pathogens associated with early-onset or late-onset VAP, even in subjects with prior antibiotics. Empiric therapy for early-onset VAP should also include agents likely to be effective for potential MDR pathogens. Further prospective studies should evaluate microbiology trends in subjects with VAP.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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