Eye-lens bismuth shielding in paediatric head CT: artefact evaluation and reduction.

Background: CT scans of the brain, sinuses and petrous bones performed as the initial imaging test for a variety of indications have the potential to expose the eye-lens, considered among the most radiosensitive human tissues, to a radiation dose. There are several studies in adults discussing the r...

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Published in:Pediatric Radiology Vol. 40; no. 11; pp. 1748 - 1755
Main Authors: Raissaki M, Perisinakis K, Damilakis J, Gourtsoyiannis N, Raissaki, Maria, Perisinakis, Kostas, Damilakis, John, Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas
Format: research Journal Article
Published: Springer Nature Nov2010
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Nov2010
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      pub: Springer Nature
      place: New York, New York
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        atl: Eye-lens bismuth shielding in paediatric head CT: artefact evaluation and reduction.
      aug:
        au:
          Raissaki M
          Perisinakis K
          Damilakis J
          Gourtsoyiannis N
          Raissaki, Maria
          Perisinakis, Kostas
          Damilakis, John
          Gourtsoyiannis, Nicholas
        affil: Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Faculty of Medicine, Stavrakia, Voutes, PO Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
      sug:
        subj:
          Artifacts
          Metals
          Head Radiography
          Lens, Crystalline
          Orbit Radiography
          Radiologic Health Equipment and Supplies
          Radiographic Image Enhancement Equipment and Supplies
          Child
          Child, Preschool
          Female
          Human
          Male
          Radiation Dosage
          Radiographic Image Enhancement Methods
          Radiometry
          Tomography, X-Ray Computed
          Child: 6-12 years
          Child, Preschool: 2-5 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: Background: CT scans of the brain, sinuses and petrous bones performed as the initial imaging test for a variety of indications have the potential to expose the eye-lens, considered among the most radiosensitive human tissues, to a radiation dose. There are several studies in adults discussing the reduction of orbital dose resulting from the use of commercially available bismuth-impregnated latex shields during CT examinations of the head.Objective: To evaluate bismuth shielding-induced artefacts and to provide suggestions for optimal eye-lens shielding in paediatric head CT.Materials and Methods: A bismuth shield was placed over the eyelids of 60 consecutive children undergoing head CT. Images were assessed for the presence and severity of artefacts with regard to eye-shield distance and shield wrinkling. An anthropomorphic paediatric phantom and thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) were used to study the effect of eye lens-to-shield distance on shielding efficiency.Results: Shields were tolerated by 56/60 children. Artefacts were absent in 45% of scans. Artefacts on orbits, not affecting and affecting orbit evaluation were noted in 39% and 14% of scans, respectively. Diagnostically insignificant artefacts on intracranial structures were noted in 1 case (2%) with shield misplacement. Mean eye-lens-to-shield distance was 8.8 mm in scans without artefacts, and 4.3 mm and 2.2 mm in scans with unimportant and diagnostically important artefacts, respectively. Artefacts occurred in 8 out of 9 cases with shield wrinkling. Dose reduction remained unchanged for different shield-to-eye distances.Conclusion: Bismuth shielding-related artefacts occurring in paediatric head CT are frequent, superficial and diagnostically insignificant when brain pathology is assessed. Shields should be placed 1 cm above the eyes when orbital pathology is addressed. Shield wrinkling should be avoided.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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