Prenatal drug exposure: infant and toddler outcomes.
This manuscript provides an overview of the current scientific literature on the impact of maternal drug use, specifically opioids and cocaine, during pregnancy on the acute and long-term outcomes of infants and toddlers from birth through age 3 years. Emphasis with regard to opioids is placed on he...
| Published in: | Journal of Addictive Diseases Vol. 29; no. 2; pp. 245 - 259 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | tables/charts Journal Article |
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Taylor & Francis Ltd
Apr-Jun2010
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=105185561&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 105185561 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 10550887 JRN jtl: Journal of Addictive Diseases issn: 10550887 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Apr-Jun2010 vid: 29 iid: 2 pid: 377 pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 105185561 2010638558 10.1080/10550881003684871 NLM20407980 105185561 ppf: 245 ppct: 14 formats: tig: atl: Prenatal drug exposure: infant and toddler outcomes. aug: au: Bandstra ES Morrow CE Mansoor E Accornero VH affil: University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; ebandstr@med.miami.edu sug: subj: Cocaine Adverse Effects Infant Development Infant, Drug-Exposed Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Substance Abuse, Perinatal Complications Auditory Perception Buprenorphine Therapeutic Use Child Development Child, Preschool Cognition Female Growth Infant Infant Behavior Infant, Newborn Language Development Methadone Therapeutic Use Narcotics Adverse Effects Pregnancy Pregnancy Outcomes Psychomotor Performance Street Drugs Adverse Effects Substance Abuse, Perinatal Drug Therapy Substance Abuse, Perinatal Prevention and Control Visual Perception Child, Preschool: 2-5 years Infant: 1-23 months Infant, Newborn: birth-1 month Female ab: This manuscript provides an overview of the current scientific literature on the impact of maternal drug use, specifically opioids and cocaine, during pregnancy on the acute and long-term outcomes of infants and toddlers from birth through age 3 years. Emphasis with regard to opioids is placed on heroin and opioid substitutes used to treat opioid addiction, including methadone, which has long been regarded as the standard of care in pregnancy, and buprenorphine, which is increasingly being investigated and prescribed as an alternative to methadone. Controlled studies comparing methadone at high and low doses, as well as those comparing methadone with buprenorphine, are highlighted and the diagnosis and management of neonatal abstinence syndrome is discussed. Over the past two decades, attention of the scientific and lay communities has also been focused on the potential adverse effects of cocaine and crack cocaine, especially during the height of the cocaine epidemic in the United States. Herein, the findings are summarized from prospective studies comparing cocaine-exposed with non-cocaine-exposed infants and toddlers with respect to anthropometric growth, infant neurobehavior, visual and auditory function, and cognitive, motor, and language development. The potentially stigmatizing label of the so-called 'crack baby' preceded the evidence now accumulating from well-designed prospective investigations that have revealed less severe sequelae in the majority of prenatally exposed infants than originally anticipated. In contrast to opioids, which may produce neonatal abstinence syndrome and infant neurobehavioral deficits, prenatal cocaine exposure appears to be associated with what has been described as statistically significant but subtle decrements in neurobehavioral, cognitive, and language function, especially when viewed in the context of other exposures and the caregiving environment which may mediate or moderate the effects. Whether these early findings may herald more significant learning and behavioral problems during school-age and adolescence when the child is inevitably confronted with increasing social and academic challenges is the subject of ongoing longitudinal research. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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