Kidney black markets and legal transplants: are they opposite sides of the same coin?
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates why the illegal traffic of kidneys exists and remains resilient in the Philippines. It also evaluates the efficacy of the legal and regulatory framework for kidney (and organ) transplantation, and the corresponding implications for health policy. The experiences o...
| Publicado en: | Health Policy Vol. 94; no. 3; pp. 255 - 266 |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | research Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Elsevier B.V.
Mar2010
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=105200089&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 105200089 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 01688510 3LC jtl: Health Policy issn: 01688510 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Mar2010 vid: 94 iid: 3 pid: 1004 pub: Elsevier B.V. artinfo: ui: 105200089 2010647451 10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.10.005 NLM19931205 105200089 ppf: 255 ppct: 11 formats: tig: atl: Kidney black markets and legal transplants: are they opposite sides of the same coin? aug: au: Mendoza RL sug: subj: Kidney Transplantation Economics Kidney Transplantation Legislation and Jurisprudence Kidney Transplantation Statistics and Numerical Data Organ Procurement Administration Adolescence Adult Age Factors Aged Costs and Cost Analysis Educational Status Female Government Regulations Surveys Health Policy Human Male Marital Status Marketing Middle Age Philippines Sex Factors Transplant Donors Statistics and Numerical Data Organ Procurement Economics Organ Procurement Legislation and Jurisprudence Organ Procurement Statistics and Numerical Data Young Adult Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Aged: 65+ years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Female Male ab: OBJECTIVES: This study investigates why the illegal traffic of kidneys exists and remains resilient in the Philippines. It also evaluates the efficacy of the legal and regulatory framework for kidney (and organ) transplantation, and the corresponding implications for health policy. The experiences of comparable countries are noted. METHODS: Three surveys were employed in this study: 1) a review of related literature on kidney black markets; 2) questionnaire-based interviews of a multi-stage probability sample of 131 kidney vendors from the two largest supplier regions in the Philippines; and 3) a comparative content analysis of pertinent legal and regulatory measures to address the underground kidney trade. RESULTS: Survey results, based on a 4.0 percent statistical margin of error, indicate that kidney vendors are typically males (98.4 percent) who belong to the lower income classes/groups D and E (88.5 percent). The vast majority of vendors (89.2 percent) were unrelated to kidney recipients, many of whom were of foreign descent (60.3 percent). The study finds that certain key elements underpin the kidney black market in the Philippines: an open, brokered and compensation-based contractual system between unrelated donors and sellers. These elements are sustained and reinforced by a robust supply-and-demand interface anchored on brokerage pricing, government incapacity, policy contradictions and public tolerance or indifference. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that the relative ambiguity of, and continuity between, the legal and underground kidney transplant systems be carefully addressed prior to enacting more specific reforms. The study also calls attention to the unintended consequences of various reform efforts, which are often neglected in formulating health policy and evaluating its costs and benefits. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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