Understanding in an instant: neurophysiological evidence for mechanistic language circuits in the brain.
How long does it take the human mind to grasp the idea when hearing or reading a sentence? Neurophysiological methods looking directly at the time course of brain activity indexes of comprehension are critical for finding the answer to this question. As the dominant cognitive approaches, models of s...
| Publicado en: | Brain & Language Vol. 110; no. 2; pp. 81 - 95 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
| Formato: | research review Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Academic Press Inc.
Aug2009
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=105410698&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 105410698 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 0093934X 89A jtl: Brain & Language issn: 0093934X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Aug2009 vid: 110 iid: 2 pid: 735 pub: Academic Press Inc. place: Burlington, Massachusetts artinfo: ui: 105410698 NLM19664815 2010376004 10.1016/j.bandl.2008.12.001 NLM19664815 PMC2734884 105410698 ppf: 81 ppct: 14 formats: tig: atl: Understanding in an instant: neurophysiological evidence for mechanistic language circuits in the brain. aug: au: Pulvermüller F Shtyrov Y Hauk O Pulvermüller, Friedemann Shtyrov, Yury Hauk, Olaf affil: Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK sug: subj: Brain Physiology Language Animals Memory Models, Biological Models, Psychological Neural Pathways Physiology Reading Speech Physiology Time Factors ab: How long does it take the human mind to grasp the idea when hearing or reading a sentence? Neurophysiological methods looking directly at the time course of brain activity indexes of comprehension are critical for finding the answer to this question. As the dominant cognitive approaches, models of serial/cascaded and parallel processing, make conflicting predictions on the time course of psycholinguistic information access, they can be tested using neurophysiological brain activation recorded in MEG and EEG experiments. Seriality and cascading of lexical, semantic and syntactic processes receives support from late (latency approximately 1/2s) sequential neurophysiological responses, especially N400 and P600. However, parallelism is substantiated by early near-simultaneous brain indexes of a range of psycholinguistic processes, up to the level of semantic access and context integration, emerging already 100-250ms after critical stimulus information is present. Crucially, however, there are reliable latency differences of 20-50ms between early cortical area activations reflecting lexical, semantic and syntactic processes, which are left unexplained by current serial and parallel brain models of language. We here offer a mechanistic model grounded in cortical nerve cell circuits that builds upon neuroanatomical and neurophysiological knowledge and explains both near-simultaneous activations and fine-grained delays. A key concept is that of discrete distributed cortical circuits with specific inter-area topographies. The full activation, or ignition, of specifically distributed binding circuits explains the near-simultaneity of early neurophysiological indexes of lexical, syntactic and semantic processing. Activity spreading within circuits determined by between-area conduction delays accounts for comprehension-related regional activation differences in the millisecond range. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research review Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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