Sentence retrieval for abstracts of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The practice of evidence-based medicine (EBM) requires clinicians to integrate their expertise with the latest scientific research. But this is becoming increasingly difficult with the growing numbers of published articles. There is a clear need for better tools to improve clinician's ab...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC Medical Informatics & Decision Making Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 10 - 11
Main Authors: Chung GY, Chung, Grace Y
Format: research Journal Article
Published: BioMed Central 2009
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=105531072&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ccm
    uiTerm: 105531072
    longDbName: CINAHL Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    dissinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        14726947
        1CI0
      jtl: BMC Medical Informatics & Decision Making
      issn: 14726947
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: 2009
      vid: 9
      iid: 1
      pid: 24147
      pub: BioMed Central
    artinfo:
      ui:
        105531072
        NLM19208256
        2010274590
        10.1186/1472-6947-9-10
        NLM19208256
        PMC2657779
        105531072
      ppf: 10
      ppct: 1
      formats:
      tig:
        atl: Sentence retrieval for abstracts of randomized controlled trials.
      aug:
        au:
          Chung GY
          Chung, Grace Y
        affil: Centre for Health Informatics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
      sug:
        subj:
          Abstracting and Indexing
          Clinical Trials Classification
          Information Retrieval Methods
          Natural Language Processing
          Human
      ab: Background: The practice of evidence-based medicine (EBM) requires clinicians to integrate their expertise with the latest scientific research. But this is becoming increasingly difficult with the growing numbers of published articles. There is a clear need for better tools to improve clinician's ability to search the primary literature. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are the most reliable source of evidence documenting the efficacy of treatment options. This paper describes the retrieval of key sentences from abstracts of RCTs as a step towards helping users find relevant facts about the experimental design of clinical studies.Method: Using Conditional Random Fields (CRFs), a popular and successful method for natural language processing problems, sentences referring to Intervention, Participants and Outcome Measures are automatically categorized. This is done by extending a previous approach for labeling sentences in an abstract for general categories associated with scientific argumentation or rhetorical roles: Aim, Method, Results and Conclusion. Methods are tested on several corpora of RCT abstracts. First structured abstracts with headings specifically indicating Intervention, Participant and Outcome Measures are used. Also a manually annotated corpus of structured and unstructured abstracts is prepared for testing a classifier that identifies sentences belonging to each category.Results: Using CRFs, sentences can be labeled for the four rhetorical roles with F-scores from 0.93-0.98. This outperforms the use of Support Vector Machines. Furthermore, sentences can be automatically labeled for Intervention, Participant and Outcome Measures, in unstructured and structured abstracts where the section headings do not specifically indicate these three topics. F-scores of up to 0.83 and 0.84 are obtained for Intervention and Outcome Measure sentences.Conclusion: Results indicate that some of the methodological elements of RCTs are identifiable at the sentence level in both structured and unstructured abstract reports. This is promising in that sentences labeled automatically could potentially form concise summaries, assist in information retrieval and finer-grained extraction.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
    refInfo:
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N