Changes in pest infestation levels, self-reported pesticide use, and permethrin exposure during pregnancy after the 2000-2001 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency restriction of organophosphates.
BACKGROUND: Widespread residential pesticide use throughout the United States has resulted in ubiquitous, low-level pesticide exposure. The mix of active pesticide ingredients is changing in response to 2000--2001 regulations restricting use of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos and diaz...
| Publicado en: | Environmental Health Perspectives Vol. 116; no. 12; pp. 1681 - 1689 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Dec2008
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=105593255&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 105593255 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 00916765 3B5 jtl: Environmental Health Perspectives issn: 00916765 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Dec2008 vid: 116 iid: 12 pid: 56539 pub: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences place: Research Triangle Park, North Carolina artinfo: ui: 105593255 105593255 2010128920 10.1289/ehp.11367 NLM19079720 105593255 ppf: 1681 ppct: 8 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Changes in pest infestation levels, self-reported pesticide use, and permethrin exposure during pregnancy after the 2000-2001 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency restriction of organophosphates. aug: au: Williams MK Rundle A Holmes D Reyes M Hoepner LA Barr DB Camann DE Perera FP Whyatt RM affil: Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA sug: subj: Air Pollution, Indoor Environmental Exposure In Pregnancy Insecticides Adverse Effects Pest Control Analysis of Variance Chi Square Test Comparative Studies Environmental Monitoring Female Funding Source Kruskal-Wallis Test Linear Regression Logistic Regression Mann-Whitney U Test Multivariate Statistics New York Nonparametric Statistics Parametric Statistics Pregnancy Prospective Studies Questionnaires Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient T-Tests United States United States Environmental Protection Agency Univariate Statistics Human Female ab: BACKGROUND: Widespread residential pesticide use throughout the United States has resulted in ubiquitous, low-level pesticide exposure. The mix of active pesticide ingredients is changing in response to 2000--2001 regulations restricting use of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the impact of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations on pest infestation levels, pesticide use, and pesticides measured in indoor air samples. METHODOLOGY: 511 pregnant women from inner-city New York were enrolled between 2000 and 2006. Permethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide; piperonyl butoxide (PBO), a pyrethroid synergist; chlorpyrifos; and diazinon were measured in 48-hr prenatal personal air samples. Data on pest infestation and pesticide use were collected via questionnaire. RESULTS: Eighty-eight percent of women reported using pesticides during pregnancy; 55% reported using higher-exposure pesticide applications (spray cans, pest bombs and/or professional pesticide applicators). Self-reported pest sightings and use of higher-exposure applications increased significantly after the regulations were implemented (p < 0.001). PBO, cis-, and trans-permethrin were detected in 75, 19, and 18% of personal air samples, respectively. Detection frequencies of PBO and cis- and trans-permethrin increased significantly over time (p < 0.05 controlling for potential confounders). Levels and/or detection frequencies of these compounds were significantly higher among mothers reporting use of high exposure pesticide applications (p <= 0.05). Chlorpyrifos and diazinon levels decreased significantly over time (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In this cohort, pest infestations, use of pesticides, and use of permethrin appear to increase after the residential restriction of organophosphorus insecticides. This is one of the first studies to document widespread residential exposure to PBO. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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