Physical exposure differences between children and adults when using standard and small computer input devices.

By the age of five years, 75% of the children in the USA are using computers and at this age they are only one-half to two-thirds the size of and about one-fifth as strong as their adult counterparts. Fourteen children between five and eight years of age and their same-gender biological parents (giv...

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Publicado en:Ergonomics Vol. 51; no. 6; pp. 872 - 890
Autores principales: Blackstone JM, Karr C, Camp J, Johnson PW
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Ltd Jun2008
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Physical exposure differences between children and adults when using standard and small computer input devices.
      aug:
        au:
          Blackstone JM
          Karr C
          Camp J
          Johnson PW
        affil: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
      sug:
        subj:
          Age Factors
          Body Weights and Measures
          Equipment Design
          Ergonomics
          User-Computer Interface
          Adult
          Analysis of Variance
          Child
          Child, Preschool
          Comparative Studies
          Data Analysis Software
          Descriptive Statistics
          Electromyography
          Female
          Funding Source
          Goniometry Methods
          Male
          Mouse (Computer) Utilization
          Pearson's Correlation Coefficient
          Posture Evaluation
          Repeated Measures
          Washington
          Word Processing
          Human
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Child: 6-12 years
          Child, Preschool: 2-5 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: By the age of five years, 75% of the children in the USA are using computers and at this age they are only one-half to two-thirds the size of and about one-fifth as strong as their adult counterparts. Fourteen children between five and eight years of age and their same-gender biological parents (giving a total of 28 subjects) were evaluated using both a standard and a smaller, child-proportional input device during standardised mouse and keyboard tasks. Typing and computer mouse performance were measured with tracking software, wrist posture was measured with an electrogoniometer and electromyography was used to measure finger flexor and extensor muscle activity in the right arm. With the small mouse, both children and adults performed the mouse task significantly faster and made significantly fewer errors. When using the standard-sized mouse and keyboard, children worked with significantly greater ulnar deviation and significantly less extension than their adult counterparts. When children used the smaller mouse, finger flexor muscle activity, finger extensor muscle activity and ulnar deviation significantly decreased, with little change in wrist extension compared to the standard mouse. No significant differences were observed between the standard and small keyboards for children or their parents. Compared to their adult counterparts, children had to apply twice the relative force, as a percentage of their maximum capacity, to activate the buttons and keys on the input devices. These measured differences may have application in the design of computer input devices for children.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
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        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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