| Sumario: | The incidence of cryptococcal infections in the HIV infected population has diminished because of the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy, whereas the incidence in nonDSHIV-infected hosts has grown. Despite improvements in antifungal therapy, successful outcomes in the management of cryptococcal meningitis are dependent on a high index of clinical suspicion, appropriate use of diagnostic assays, early and aggressive antifungal therapy, and recognition of complications such as increased intracranial pressure and immune reconstitution syndromes. Published guidelines for the care of patients with cryptococcal meningitis are available and may be adapted to individual patient requirements. Basic and clinical studies are needed to further define the components of immune protection, optimal therapy in special patient populations, and the recognition and treatment of complications of cryptococcal meningitis.
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