| Sumario: | More than one-half of alcoholics may exhibit deficits in the processing of visual-spatial information, learning and memory, problem-solving and abstracting capabilities, and the regulation of goal-directed behavior. Research using nonalcoholic subjects suggests that some of these deficits may be familial and may predate the development of alcoholism. Results using alcoholic subjects are inconclusive, however, perhaps reflecting the effects of long-term alcohol consumption on cognitive performance. Factors that may influence the interpretation of results include psychiatric disorders, emotional instability, and type of alcoholism. Studies are needed to determine whether children from alcoholic families who become alcoholic themselves prove to be those who were previously most deficient in cognitive abilities.
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