Alcohol dependence with comorbid drug dependence: genetic and phenotypic associations suggest a more severe form of the disorder with stronger genetic contribution to risk.

Background Twin data suggest that alcohol dependence comorbid with illicit drug dependence represents a more heritable form of the disorder. In the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism sample, approximately half the alcohol-dependent individuals also meet diagnostic criteria for illicit...

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Publicado en:Addiction Vol. 102; no. 7; pp. 1131 - 1140
Autores principales: Dick DM, Agrawal A, Wang JC, Hinrichs A, Bertelsen S, Bucholz KK, Schuckit M, Kramer J, Nurnberger J Jr., Tischfield J, Edenberg HJ, Goate A, Bierut LJ
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Jul2007
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jul2007
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      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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        10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01871.x
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        atl: Alcohol dependence with comorbid drug dependence: genetic and phenotypic associations suggest a more severe form of the disorder with stronger genetic contribution to risk.
      aug:
        au:
          Dick DM
          Agrawal A
          Wang JC
          Hinrichs A
          Bertelsen S
          Bucholz KK
          Schuckit M
          Kramer J
          Nurnberger J Jr.
          Tischfield J
          Edenberg HJ
          Goate A
          Bierut LJ
        affil: Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
      sug:
        subj:
          Comorbidity
          Substance Dependence Familial and Genetic
          Substance Dependence Risk Factors
          Adolescence
          Adult
          Aged
          Aged, 80 and Over
          Alcoholism Familial and Genetic
          Correlational Studies
          Female
          Funding Source
          Genetic Techniques
          Genotype
          Interview Guides
          Interviews
          Male
          Middle Age
          Multicenter Studies
          Phenotype
          Polymorphism, Genetic
          Mass Spectrometry
          United States
          Human
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Aged: 65+ years
          Aged, 80 & over
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: Background Twin data suggest that alcohol dependence comorbid with illicit drug dependence represents a more heritable form of the disorder. In the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism sample, approximately half the alcohol-dependent individuals also meet diagnostic criteria for illicit drug dependence. In this study, we tested for heterogeneity in the association between the muscarinic acetylcholine M2 receptor gene (CHRM2) and alcohol dependence, reported previously in the full sample, among the subgroups of alcohol-dependent individuals with and without comorbid drug dependence. Methods Family-based association tests were conducted separately (a) in individuals with alcohol dependence with comorbid drug dependence (n = 477) and (b) in individuals with alcohol dependence without comorbid drug dependence (n = 433). These subgroups were subsequently compared on other phenotypic characteristics. Results The evidence for association between CHRM2 and alcohol dependence came entirely from the subgroup of individuals with comorbid drug dependence. There was no evidence of association with CHRM2 among the alcohol-dependent individuals without drug dependence. Subsequent phenotypic analyses suggest that the subgroup of alcohol-dependent individuals with comorbid drug dependence differ on a number of other phenotypic characteristics, including several measures of the severity of their alcohol problems, personality traits and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Conclusions These analyses provide specific genetic evidence suggesting that alcohol dependence with comorbid drug dependence represents a particularly severe form of the disorder, with higher genetic contribution to vulnerability.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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