Preventing diarrhoea with household ceramic water filters: assessment of a pilot project in Bolivia.

In an attempt to prevent diarrhoea in a rural community in central Bolivia, an international non-governmental organization implemented a pilot project to improve drinking water quality using gravity-fed, household-based, ceramic water filters. We assessed the performance of the filters by conducting...

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Publicado en:International Journal of Environmental Health Research Vol. 16; no. 3; pp. 231 - 240
Autores principales: Clasen TF, Brown J, Collin SM
Formato: clinical trial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Ltd Jun2006
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Preventing diarrhoea with household ceramic water filters: assessment of a pilot project in Bolivia.
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          Clasen TF
          Brown J
          Collin SM
        affil: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK. thomas.clasen@lshtm.ac.uk
      sug:
        subj:
          Biomedical and Dental Materials
          Diarrhea Prevention and Control
          Enterobacteriaceae
          Feces Microbiology
          Housing
          Sanitation Methods
          Bolivia
          Chi Square Test
          Clinical Trials
          Confidence Intervals
          Data Analysis Software
          Data Analysis, Statistical
          Descriptive Statistics
          Diarrhea Epidemiology
          Diarrhea Microbiology
          Enterobacteriaceae Infections Epidemiology
          Enterobacteriaceae Infections Microbiology
          Enterobacteriaceae Infections Prevention and Control
          Filtration Equipment and Supplies
          Odds Ratio
          P-Value
          Pilot Studies
          Sanitation Economics
          Sanitation Equipment and Supplies
          T-Tests
          Two-Tailed Test
          Water Supply
          Human
      ab: In an attempt to prevent diarrhoea in a rural community in central Bolivia, an international non-governmental organization implemented a pilot project to improve drinking water quality using gravity-fed, household-based, ceramic water filters. We assessed the performance of the filters by conducting a five-month randomized controlled trial among all 60 households in the pilot community. Water filters eliminated thermotolerant (faecal) coliforms from almost all intervention households and significantly reduced turbidity, thereby improving water aesthetics. Most importantly, the filters were associated with a 45.3% reduction in prevalence of diarrhoea among the study population (p = 0.02). After adjustment for household clustering and repeated episodes in individuals and controlling for age and baseline diarrhoea, prevalence of diarrhoea among the intervention group was 51% lower than controls, though the protective effect was only borderline significant (OR 0.49, 95% CI: 0.24, 1.01; p = 0.05). A follow-up survey conducted approximately 9 months after deployment of the filters found 67% being used regularly, 13% being used intermittently, and 21% not in use. Water samples from all regularly used filters were free of thermotolerant coliforms.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        clinical trial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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