Topical applications of chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal mortality in southern Nepal: a community-based, cluster-randomised trial.
Background: Omphalitis contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Umbilical cord cleansing with antiseptics might reduce infection and mortality risk, but has not been rigorously investigated.Methods: In our community-based, cluster-randomised trial, 413 communities in...
| Published in: | Lancet Vol. 367; no. 9514; pp. 910 - 919 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | clinical trial research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
Lancet
3/18/2006
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=106292254&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 106292254 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 01406736 LAN jtl: Lancet issn: 01406736 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 3/18/2006 vid: 367 iid: 9514 pid: 1297 pub: Lancet place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 106292254 106292254 NLM16546539 2009243714 10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68381-5 NLM16546539 PMC2367116 106292254 ppf: 910 ppct: 9 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Topical applications of chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal mortality in southern Nepal: a community-based, cluster-randomised trial. aug: au: Mullany LC Darmstadt GL Khatry SK Katz J LeClerq SC Shrestha S Adhikari R Tielsch JM Mullany, Luke C Darmstadt, Gary L Khatry, Subarna K Katz, Joanne LeClerq, Steven C Shrestha, Shardaram Adhikari, Ramesh Tielsch, James M affil: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA sug: subj: Chlorhexidine Administration and Dosage Infant Mortality Prevention and Control Inflammation Prevention and Control Umbilical Cord Pathology Clinical Trials Confidence Intervals Data Analysis Software Data Analysis, Statistical Descriptive Statistics Female Funding Source Infant, Newborn Male Nepal Pregnancy Relative Risk Human Infant, Newborn: birth-1 month Female Male ab: Background: Omphalitis contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Umbilical cord cleansing with antiseptics might reduce infection and mortality risk, but has not been rigorously investigated.Methods: In our community-based, cluster-randomised trial, 413 communities in Sarlahi, Nepal, were randomly assigned to one of three cord-care regimens. 4934 infants were assigned to 4.0% chlorhexidine, 5107 to cleansing with soap and water, and 5082 to dry cord care. In intervention clusters, the newborn cord was cleansed in the home on days 1-4, 6, 8, and 10. In all clusters, the cord was examined for signs of infection (pus, redness, or swelling) on these visits and in follow-up visits on days 12, 14, 21, and 28. Incidence of omphalitis was defined under three sign-based algorithms, with increasing severity. Infant vital status was recorded for 28 completed days. The primary outcomes were incidence of neonatal omphalitis and neonatal mortality. Analysis was by intention-to-treat. This trial is registered with , number NCT00109616.Findings: Frequency of omphalitis by all three definitions was reduced significantly in the chlorhexidine group. Severe omphalitis in chlorhexidine clusters was reduced by 75% (incidence rate ratio 0.25, 95% CI 0.12-0.53; 13 infections/4839 neonatal periods) compared with dry cord-care clusters (52/4930). Neonatal mortality was 24% lower in the chlorhexidine group (relative risk 0.76 [95% CI 0.55-1.04]) than in the dry cord care group. In infants enrolled within the first 24 h, mortality was significantly reduced by 34% in the chlorhexidine group (0.66 [0.46-0.95]). Soap and water did not reduce infection or mortality risk.Interpretation: Recommendations for dry cord care should be reconsidered on the basis of these findings that early antisepsis with chlorhexidine of the umbilical cord reduces local cord infections and overall neonatal mortality. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: clinical trial research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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