Treatment of electrolyte disorders in adult patients in the intensive care unit.
PURPOSE: The treatment of electrolyte disorders in adult patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), including guidelines for correcting specific electrolyte disorders, is reviewed. SUMMARY: Electrolytes are involved in many metabolic and homeostatic functions. Electrolyte disorders are common in adu...
| Publicado en: | American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy Vol. 62; no. 16; pp. 1663 - 1683 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | equations & formulas tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Oxford University Press / USA
8/15/2005
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=106378530&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 106378530 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 10792082 1X3 jtl: American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy issn: 10792082 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 8/15/2005 vid: 62 iid: 16 pid: 622 pub: Oxford University Press / USA artinfo: ui: 106378530 2009075716 10.2146/ajhp040300 NLM16085929 106378530 ppf: 1663 ppct: 20 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Treatment of electrolyte disorders in adult patients in the intensive care unit. aug: au: Kraft MD Btaiche IF Sacks GS Kudsk KA affil: Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; mdkraft@umich.edu sug: subj: Critically Ill Patients Fluid-Electrolyte Imbalance Drug Therapy Hypercalcemia Drug Therapy Hypermagnesemia Drug Therapy Hypernatremia Classification Hypernatremia Etiology Hyperphosphatemia Drug Therapy Hypocalcemia Drug Therapy Hypokalemia Drug Therapy Hypomagnesemia Drug Therapy Hyponatremia Classification Hyponatremia Etiology Hypophosphatemia Drug Therapy Intensive Care Units ab: PURPOSE: The treatment of electrolyte disorders in adult patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), including guidelines for correcting specific electrolyte disorders, is reviewed. SUMMARY: Electrolytes are involved in many metabolic and homeostatic functions. Electrolyte disorders are common in adult patients in the ICU and have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality, as has the improper treatment of electrolyte disorders. A limited number of prospective, randomized, controlled studies have been conducted evaluating the optimal treatment of electrolyte disorders. Recommendations for treatment of electrolyte disorders in adult patients in the ICU are provided based on these studies, as well as case reports, expert opinion, and clinical experience. The etiologies of and treatments for hyponatremia hypotonic and hypernatremia (hypovolemic, isovolemic, and hypervolemic), hypokalemia and hyperkalemia, hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia, and hypomagnesemia and hypermagnesemia are discussed, and equations for determining the proper dosages for adult patients in the ICU are provided. Treatment is often empirical, based on published literature, expert recommendations, and the patient's response to the initial treatment. Actual electrolyte correction requires individual adjustment based on the patient's clinical condition and response to therapy. Clinicians should be knowledgeable about electrolyte homeostasis and the underlying pathophysiology of electrolyte disorders in order to provide the optimal therapy to patients. CONCLUSION: Treatment of electrolyte disorders is often empirical, based on published literature, expert opinion and recommendations, and patient's response to the initial treatment. Clinicians should be knowledgeable about electrolyte homeostasis and the underlying pathophysiology of electrolyte disorders to provide optimal therapy for patients. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: equations & formulas tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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