| Sumario: | Osteoporosis (OP) is a preventable metabolic bone disease, yet its incidence is increasing out of proportion to the aging population. Of concern is the increase in OP among males and in younger women. Recent advances in bone densitometry have enabled earlier diagnosis and treatment of established osteopenia. Considerable research has focused on identifying risk factors and developing both effective forms of treatment and methods of prevention to decrease fracture risk. Treatment of OP consists mainly of antiresorbtive therapies like hormone replacement therapy, the related selective oestrogen receptor modulators, or the bisphosphonates. Established OP is difficult to treat, and primary prevention is of paramount importance. In this context promoting lifestyle modifications to maximize peak bone mass in adolescence and prevent excess bone loss in later life is considered essential. The relationship between bone health and adequate calcium and vitamin D intake is well known, the results of smoking cessation have been firmly established, and impact activities are essential to maximize bone density. These three factors can help ensure an architecture that is able to withstand various loads. The promotion of health and prevention of disease should be the responsibility of all health professionals, and current osteoporosis guidelines have focused on the promotion of bone health. Exercise and activity clearly contribute to bone strength as well as to levels of fitness and coordination. Physiotherapists are well qualifi ed to devise exercise training regimens, assist in their delivery to different age groups, and provide advice and education with regard to bone health, thereby contributing to both osteoporosis prevention and reduction in fracture risk.
|
|---|