Home study C.E./part 1. Encopresis: developmental, behavioral and physiological considerations for treatment... Reprinted and adapted by permission of the publisher from Sprague-McRae, J.M. 'Encopresis: Developmental and Physiological Considerations for Treatment,' Nurse Practitioner: The American Journal of Primary Health Care, June 1990, 15:6, Copyright 1990 by Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc.