Machine learning approaches to diagnosis and laterality effects in semantic dementia discourse.

Advances in automatic text classification have been necessitated by the rapid increase in the availability of digital documents. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can 'learn' from data: for instance a ML system can be trained on a set of features derived from written texts belonging to known categori...

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Publicado en:Cortex: A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System & Behavior Vol. 55; pp. 122 - 130
Autores principales: Garrard, Peter, Rentoumi, Vassiliki, Gesierich, Benno, Miller, Bruce, Gorno-Tempini, Maria Luisa
Formato: research Journal Article
Publicado: Masson SPA 2014 Jun
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 2014 Jun
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        atl: Machine learning approaches to diagnosis and laterality effects in semantic dementia discourse.
      aug:
        au:
          Garrard, Peter
          Rentoumi, Vassiliki
          Gesierich, Benno
          Miller, Bruce
          Gorno-Tempini, Maria Luisa
        affil: Stroke and Dementia Research Centre, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE, UK. Electronic address: pgarrard@sgul.ac.uk.
      sug:
        subj:
          Artificial Intelligence
          Frontotemporal Dementia Diagnosis
          Dominance, Cerebral
          Speech Disorders Diagnosis
          Temporal Lobe Pathology
          Vocabulary
          Aged
          Atrophy
          Probability
          Case Control Studies
          Female
          Frontotemporal Dementia Pathology
          Frontotemporal Dementia Physiopathology
          Human
          Magnetic Resonance Imaging
          Male
          Middle Age
          Speech Disorders Pathology
          Speech Disorders Physiopathology
          Statistics
          Aged: 65+ years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: Advances in automatic text classification have been necessitated by the rapid increase in the availability of digital documents. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can 'learn' from data: for instance a ML system can be trained on a set of features derived from written texts belonging to known categories, and learn to distinguish between them. Such a trained system can then be used to classify unseen texts. In this paper, we explore the potential of the technique to classify transcribed speech samples along clinical dimensions, using vocabulary data alone. We report the accuracy with which two related ML algorithms [naive Bayes Gaussian (NBG) and naive Bayes multinomial (NBM)] categorized picture descriptions produced by: 32 semantic dementia (SD) patients versus 10 healthy, age-matched controls; and SD patients with left- (n = 21) versus right-predominant (n = 11) patterns of temporal lobe atrophy. We used information gain (IG) to identify the vocabulary features that were most informative to each of these two distinctions. In the SD versus control classification task, both algorithms achieved accuracies of greater than 90%. In the right- versus left-temporal lobe predominant classification, NBM achieved a high level of accuracy (88%), but this was achieved by both NBM and NBG when the features used in the training set were restricted to those with high values of IG. The most informative features for the patient versus control task were low frequency content words, generic terms and components of metanarrative statements. For the right versus left task the number of informative lexical features was too small to support any specific inferences. An enriched feature set, including values derived from Quantitative Production Analysis (QPA) may shed further light on this little understood distinction.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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