Recognition Without Awareness: Encoding and Retrieval Factors.
The article reports 4 experiments that explore the notion of recognition without awareness using words as the material. Previous work by Voss and associates has shown that complex visual patterns were correctly selected as targets in a 2-alternative forced-choice (2-AFC) recognition test although pa...
| Publicado en: | Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory & Cognition Vol. 41; no. 5; pp. 1271 - 1282 |
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| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
American Psychological Association
Sep2015
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=109347530&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 109347530 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 02787393 EXL jtl: Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory & Cognition issn: 02787393 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Sep2015 vid: 41 iid: 5 pid: 34 pub: American Psychological Association artinfo: ui: 109347530 10.1037/xlm0000137 ppf: 1271 ppct: 11 formats: tig: atl: Recognition Without Awareness: Encoding and Retrieval Factors. aug: au: Craik, Fergus I. M. Rose, Nathan S. Gopie, Nigel affil: Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada su: Recognition (Psychology) Sensory perception Encoding Explicit memory Implicit memory sug: subj: Recognition (Psychology) Sensory perception Encoding Explicit memory Implicit memory keyword: awareness criterion shifts explicit memory implicit memory recognition awareness criterion shifts explicit memory implicit memory recognition ab: The article reports 4 experiments that explore the notion of recognition without awareness using words as the material. Previous work by Voss and associates has shown that complex visual patterns were correctly selected as targets in a 2-alternative forced-choice (2-AFC) recognition test although participants reported that they were guessing. The present experiments sought to extend this earlier work by having participants study words in different ways and then attempt to recognize the words later in a series of 4-alternative forced-choice (4-AFC) tests, some of which contained no target word. The data of interest are cases in which a target was present and participants stated that they were guessing, yet chose the correct item. This value was greater than p = .25 in all conditions of the 4 experiments, demonstrating the phenomenon of recognition without awareness. Whereas Voss and colleagues attributed their findings with kaleidoscope patterns to enhanced processing fluency of perceptual attributes, the main factor associated with different levels of recognition without awareness in the present studies was a variable criterion for the subjective state accompanying selection of the "guess" option, depending on the overall difficulty of the recognition test. We conclude by discussing some implications of the results for the distinction between implicit and explicit memory. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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