Distribution characteristics of normal pure-tone thresholds.

Objective:This study examined the statistical properties of normal air-conduction thresholds obtained with automated and manual audiometry to test the hypothesis that thresholds are normally distributed and to examine the distributions for evidence of bias in manual testing.Design:Four databases wer...

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Published in:International Journal of Audiology Vol. 54; no. 11; pp. 796 - 806
Main Authors: Margolis, Robert H., Wilson, Richard H., Popelka, Gerald R., Eikelboom, Robert H., Swanepoel, De Wet, Saly, George L.
Format: equations & formulas research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Taylor & Francis Ltd Nov2015
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        14992027
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      jtl: International Journal of Audiology
      issn: 14992027
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      dt: Nov2015
      vid: 54
      iid: 11
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      pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd
      place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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        109969095
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        109969095
        10.3109/14992027.2015.1033656
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        atl: Distribution characteristics of normal pure-tone thresholds.
      aug:
        au:
          Margolis, Robert H.
          Wilson, Richard H.
          Popelka, Gerald R.
          Eikelboom, Robert H.
          Swanepoel, De Wet
          Saly, George L.
        affil: Audiology Incorporated, Arden Hills, Minnesota, USA
      sug:
        subj:
          Audiometry
          Hearing
          Hearing Tests
          Human
          Air Conduction
          Surveys
          Middle Age
          Aged
          Male
          Female
          Adolescence
          Adult
          Funding Source
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Aged: 65+ years
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Objective:This study examined the statistical properties of normal air-conduction thresholds obtained with automated and manual audiometry to test the hypothesis that thresholds are normally distributed and to examine the distributions for evidence of bias in manual testing.Design:Four databases were mined for normal thresholds. One contained audiograms obtained with an automated method. The other three were obtained with manual audiometry. Frequency distributions were examined for four test frequencies (250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz).Study sample:The analysis is based on 317 569 threshold determinations of 80 547 subjects from four clinical databases.Results:Frequency distributions of thresholds obtained with automated audiometry are normal in form. Corrected for age, the mean thresholds are within 1.5 dB of reference equivalent threshold sound pressure levels. Frequency distributions of thresholds obtained by manual audiometry are shifted toward higher thresholds. Two of the three datasets obtained by manual audiometry are positively skewed.Conclusions:The positive shift and skew of the manual audiometry data may result from tester bias. The striking scarcity of thresholds below 0 dB HL suggests that audiologists place less importance on identifying low thresholds than they do for higher-level thresholds. We refer to this as theGood enough biasand suggest that it may be responsible for differences in distributions of thresholds obtained by automated and manual audiometry.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        equations & formulas
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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