A Generalized Entropy Measure of Within-Host Viral Diversity for Identifying Recent HIV-1 Infections.

There is a need for incidence assays that accurately estimate HIV incidence based on cross-sectional specimens. Viral diversity-based assays have shown promises but are not particularly accurate. We hypothesize that certain viral genetic regions are more predictive of recent infection than others an...

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Publicado en:Medicine Vol. 94; no. 42; pp. 1 - 9
Autores principales: Wei Wu, Julia, Patterson-Lomba, Oscar, Novitsky, Vladimir, Pagano, Marcello, Wei, Julia Wu, Wu, Julia Wei
Formato: Journal Article
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Oct2015
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Oct2015
      vid: 94
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      pub: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
      place: Baltimore, Maryland
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        atl: A Generalized Entropy Measure of Within-Host Viral Diversity for Identifying Recent HIV-1 Infections.
      aug:
        au:
          Wei Wu, Julia
          Patterson-Lomba, Oscar
          Novitsky, Vladimir
          Pagano, Marcello
          Wei, Julia Wu
          Wu, Julia Wei
        affil: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
      sug:
        subj:
          HIV Infections
          Physics
          HIV-1
          HIV-1 Classification
          Adult
          Cross Sectional Studies
          Female
          Male
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: There is a need for incidence assays that accurately estimate HIV incidence based on cross-sectional specimens. Viral diversity-based assays have shown promises but are not particularly accurate. We hypothesize that certain viral genetic regions are more predictive of recent infection than others and aim to improve assay accuracy by using classification algorithms that focus on highly informative regions (HIRs).We analyzed HIV gag sequences from a cohort in Botswana. Forty-two subjects newly infected by HIV-1 Subtype C were followed through 500 days post-seroconversion. Using sliding window analysis, we screened for genetic regions within gag that best differentiate recent versus chronic infections. We used both nonparametric and parametric approaches to evaluate the discriminatory abilities of sequence regions. Segmented Shannon Entropy measures of HIRs were aggregated to develop generalized entropy measures to improve prediction of recency. Using logistic regression as the basis for our classification algorithm, we evaluated the predictive power of these novel biomarkers and compared them with recently reported viral diversity measures using area under the curve (AUC) analysis.Change of diversity over time varied across different sequence regions within gag. We identified the top 50% of the most informative regions by both nonparametric and parametric approaches. In both cases, HIRs were in more variable regions of gag and less likely in the p24 coding region. Entropy measures based on HIRs outperformed previously reported viral-diversity-based biomarkers. These methods are better suited for population-level estimation of HIV recency.The patterns of diversification of certain regions within the gag gene are more predictive of recency of infection than others. We expect this result to apply in other HIV genetic regions as well. Focusing on these informative regions, our generalized entropy measure of viral diversity demonstrates the potential for improving accuracy when identifying recent HIV-1 infections.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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