Oral Microbiome Metabolism: From "Who Are They?" to "What Are They Doing?".
Recent advances in molecular biology have facilitated analyses of the oral microbiome ("Who are they?"); however, its functions (e.g., metabolic activities) are poorly understood ("What are they doing?"). This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the metabolism of the oral microbiom...
| Publicado en: | Journal of Dental Research Vol. 94; no. 12; pp. 1628 - 1638 |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | review Journal Article |
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Sage Publications Inc.
Dec2015
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=111091772&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 111091772 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 00220345 1H7 jtl: Journal of Dental Research issn: 00220345 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Dec2015 vid: 94 iid: 12 pid: 344 pub: Sage Publications Inc. place: Thousand Oaks, California artinfo: ui: 111091772 111091772 NLM26377570 111091772 10.1177/0022034515606045 NLM26377570 111091772 ppf: 1628 ppct: 10 formats: tig: atl: Oral Microbiome Metabolism: From "Who Are They?" to "What Are They Doing?". aug: au: Takahashi, N. affil: Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan sug: subj: Mouth Microbiology Microbiologic Phenomena Physiology Dental Caries Microbiology Mouth Metabolism Dental Plaque Microbiology Bacteria Metabolism Oral Health Periodontal Diseases Microbiology Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire ab: Recent advances in molecular biology have facilitated analyses of the oral microbiome ("Who are they?"); however, its functions (e.g., metabolic activities) are poorly understood ("What are they doing?"). This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the metabolism of the oral microbiome. Saccharolytic bacteria-including Streptococcus, Actinomyces, and Lactobacillus species-degrade carbohydrates into organic acids via the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway and several of its branch pathways, resulting in dental caries, while alkalization and acid neutralization via the arginine deiminase system, urease, and so on, counteract acidification. Proteolytic/amino acid-degrading bacteria, including Prevotella and Porphyromonas species, break down proteins and peptides into amino acids and degrade them further via specific pathways to produce short-chain fatty acids, ammonia, sulfur compounds, and indole/skatole, which act as virulent and modifying factors in periodontitis and oral malodor. Furthermore, it is suggested that ethanol-derived acetaldehyde can cause oral cancer, while nitrate-derived nitrite can aid caries prevention and systemic health. Microbial metabolic activity is influenced by the oral environment; however, it can also modify the oral environment, enhance the pathogenicity of bacteria, and induce microbial selection to create more pathogenic microbiome. Taking a metabolomic approach to analyzing the oral microbiome is crucial to improving our understanding of the functions of the oral microbiome. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: review Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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