Differences in Physicians' Verbal and Nonverbal Communication With Black and White Patients at the End of Life.

Context: Black patients are more likely than white patients to die in the intensive care unit with life-sustaining treatments. Differences in patient- and/or surrogate-provider communication may contribute to this phenomenon.Objectives: To test whether hospital-based physicians use different verbal...

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Publicado en:Journal of Pain & Symptom Management Vol. 51; no. 1; pp. 1 - 9
Autores principales: Elliott, Andrea M., Alexander, Stewart C., Mescher, Craig A., Mohan, Deepika, Barnato, Amber E.
Formato: research randomized controlled trial Journal Article
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. Jan2016
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jan2016
      vid: 51
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      pub: Elsevier B.V.
      place: New York, New York
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        atl: Differences in Physicians' Verbal and Nonverbal Communication With Black and White Patients at the End of Life.
      aug:
        au:
          Elliott, Andrea M.
          Alexander, Stewart C.
          Mescher, Craig A.
          Mohan, Deepika
          Barnato, Amber E.
        affil: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
      sug:
        subj:
          Black Persons Psychosocial Factors
          Physicians Psychosocial Factors
          Terminal Care Psychosocial Factors
          Nonverbal Communication
          White Persons Psychosocial Factors
          Psycholinguistics
          Posture
          Emotions
          Adult
          Healthcare Disparities
          Human
          Videorecording
          Physician-Patient Relations
          Female
          Speech
          Decision Making
          Hospitals
          Time Factors
          Pennsylvania
          Male
          Validation Studies
          Comparative Studies
          Evaluation Research
          Multicenter Studies
          Funding Source
          Randomized Controlled Trials
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: Context: Black patients are more likely than white patients to die in the intensive care unit with life-sustaining treatments. Differences in patient- and/or surrogate-provider communication may contribute to this phenomenon.Objectives: To test whether hospital-based physicians use different verbal and/or nonverbal communication with black and white simulated patients and their surrogates.Methods: We conducted a randomized factorial trial of the relationship between patient race and physician communication using high-fidelity simulation. Using a combination of probabilistic and convenience sampling, we recruited 33 hospital-based physicians in western Pennsylvania who completed two encounters with prognostically similar, critically and terminally ill black and white elders with identical treatment preferences. We then conducted detailed content analysis of audio and video recordings of the encounters, coding verbal emotion-handling and shared decision-making behaviors, and nonverbal behaviors (time interacting with the patient and/or surrogate, with open vs. closed posture, and touching the patient and physical proximity). We used a paired t-test to compare each subjects' summed verbal and nonverbal communication scores with the black patient compared to the white patient.Results: Subject physicians' verbal communication scores did not differ by patient race (black vs. white: 8.4 vs. 8.4, P-value = 0.958). However, their nonverbal communication scores were significantly lower with the black patient than with the white patient (black vs. white: 2.7 vs. 2.9, P-value 0.014).Conclusion: In this small regional sample, hospital-based physicians have similar verbal communication behaviors when discussing end-of-life care for otherwise similar black and white patients but exhibit significantly fewer positive, rapport-building nonverbal cues with black patients.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        randomized controlled trial
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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