Astaxanthin has no effect on arterial stiffness, oxidative stress, or inflammation in renal transplant recipients: a randomized controlled trial (the XANTHIN trial).

Background: There is evidence that renal transplant recipients have accelerated atherosclerosis that is manifest by increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The high incidence of atherosclerosis is, in part, related to increased arterial stiffness, vascular dysfunction, elevated oxidative s...

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Publicado en:American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Vol. 103; no. 1; pp. 283 - 290
Autores principales: Coombes, Jeff S., Sharman, James E., Fassett, Robert G.
Formato: research tables/charts randomized controlled trial Journal Article
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. Jan2016
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jan2016
      vid: 103
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      pub: Elsevier B.V.
      place: New York, New York
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        10.3945/ajcn.115.115477
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        atl: Astaxanthin has no effect on arterial stiffness, oxidative stress, or inflammation in renal transplant recipients: a randomized controlled trial (the XANTHIN trial).
      aug:
        au:
          Coombes, Jeff S.
          Sharman, James E.
          Fassett, Robert G.
        affil: School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
      sug:
        subj:
          Kidney Transplantation
          Carotenoids Administration and Dosage
          Blood Vessels Physiology
          Oxidative Stress
          Inflammation
          Human
          Randomized Controlled Trials
          Random Assignment
          Double-Blind Studies
          Australia
          Funding Source
          Administration, Oral
          Dietary Supplementation
          Prospective Studies
          Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Evaluation
          Blood Pressure Determination
          Pretest-Posttest Design
          Multicenter Studies
          Electrocardiography Methods
          Blood Chemical Analysis
          Male
          Female
          Middle Age
          Adult
          Body Mass Index Evaluation
          Descriptive Statistics
          T-Tests
          Mann-Whitney U Test
          Chi Square Test
          Power Analysis
          Data Analysis Software
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Background: There is evidence that renal transplant recipients have accelerated atherosclerosis that is manifest by increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The high incidence of atherosclerosis is, in part, related to increased arterial stiffness, vascular dysfunction, elevated oxidative stress, and inflammation associated with immunosuppressive therapy. The carotenoid astaxanthin has shown potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: The aim was to investigate the effects of oral astaxanthin on arterial stiffness, oxidative stress, and inflammation in renal transplant recipients. Design: This trial used a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design in which 61 patients received either 12 mg astaxanthin/d or an identical placebo orally for 1 y. Primary outcomes were 1) arterial stiffness measured by aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), 2) oxidative stress assessed by total plasma F2-isoprostanes, and 3) inflammation assessed by plasma pentraxin-3. Secondary outcomes included vascular function, carotid artery intima-media thickness, augmentation index, central blood pressure, subendocardial viability ratio, and additional measures of oxidative stress and inflammation. Patients underwent assessments at baseline and at 6 and 12 mo. Results: Fifty-eight participants completed the study. There were no significant between-group differences in the changes in any of the primary outcome measures (PWV changed by +9.5% and +6.0%, F2-isoprostanes changed by -3.0% and -9.7%, and pentraxin-3 changed by +50.6% and -11.0% in the placebo and astaxanthin groups, respectively). There were no significant between-group differences in secondary outcome measures. Larger-than-expected variability decreased the power of the study and increased the possibility of a type 2 statistical error. Conclusion: Astaxanthin (12 mg/d for 12 mo) had no effect on arterial stiffness, oxidative stress, or inflammation in renal transplant recipients. This trial was registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.anzctr.org.au/) as ACTRN12608000159358.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        randomized controlled trial
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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