The logic-bias effect: The role of effortful processing in the resolution of belief-logic conflict.
According to the default interventionist dual-process account of reasoning, belief-based responses to reasoning tasks are based on Type 1 processes generated by default, which must be inhibited in order to produce an effortful, Type 2 output based on the validity of an argument. However, recent rese...
| Publicado en: | Memory & Cognition Vol. 44; no. 2; pp. 330 - 350 |
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| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
Springer Nature
Feb2016
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=112860945&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 112860945 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 0090502X MEG jtl: Memory & Cognition issn: 0090502X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Feb2016 vid: 44 iid: 2 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature artinfo: ui: 112860945 10.3758/s13421-015-0555-x ppf: 330 ppct: 20 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 475KB tig: atl: The logic-bias effect: The role of effortful processing in the resolution of belief-logic conflict. aug: au: Howarth, Stephanie Handley, Simon Walsh, Clare affil: Department of Psychology, Plymouth University, Drake Circus Plymouth PL4 8AA UK su: Conflict (Psychology) Conscience Ethics Judgment (Psychology) Logic Role conflict Superstition Task performance Thought & thinking sug: subj: Conflict (Psychology) Conscience Ethics Judgment (Psychology) Logic Role conflict Superstition Task performance Thought & thinking keyword: Decision making Deductive reasoning Individual differences Problem solving Reasoning Working memory Decision making Deductive reasoning Individual differences Problem solving Reasoning Working memory ab: According to the default interventionist dual-process account of reasoning, belief-based responses to reasoning tasks are based on Type 1 processes generated by default, which must be inhibited in order to produce an effortful, Type 2 output based on the validity of an argument. However, recent research has indicated that reasoning on the basis of beliefs may not be as fast and automatic as this account claims. In three experiments, we presented participants with a reasoning task that was to be completed while they were generating random numbers (RNG). We used the novel methodology introduced by Handley, Newstead & Trippas ( Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 37, 28-43, ), which required participants to make judgments based upon either the validity of a conditional argument or the believability of its conclusion. The results showed that belief-based judgments produced lower rates of accuracy overall and were influenced to a greater extent than validity judgments by the presence of a conflict between belief and logic for both simple and complex arguments. These findings were replicated in Experiment 3, in which we controlled for switching demands in a blocked design. Across all three experiments, we found a main effect of RNG, implying that both instructional sets require some effortful processing. However, in the blocked design RNG had its greatest impact on logic judgments, suggesting that distinct executive resources may be required for each type of judgment. We discuss the implications of our findings for the default interventionist account and offer a parallel competitive model as an alternative interpretation for our findings. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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