Residential Schools and Opinion-Making in the Era of Traumatized Subjects and Taxpayer-Citizens.

This essay tracks the media-led production of a Canadian common sense about residential schools in the decade leading up to the 2005 Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. Newspaper commentary on residential schools lawsuits accentuated the already constrained understanding of the agency,...

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Published in:Journal of Canadian Studies Vol. 49; no. 1; pp. 5 - 44
Main Author: HENDERSON, JENNIFER
Format: Article
Published: University of Toronto Press Winter2015
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Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        Off-reservation boarding schools
        Public opinion
        Newspaper sections, columns, etc.
        Mass media & public opinion
        Boarding schools
        Civil law
        Sexual assault laws
        Actions & defenses (Law)
        Canada
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          Canada
          Off-reservation boarding schools
          Public opinion
          Newspaper sections, columns, etc.
          Mass media & public opinion
          Boarding schools
          Civil law
          Sexual assault laws
          Actions & defenses (Law)
      ab:
        This essay tracks the media-led production of a Canadian common sense about residential schools in the decade leading up to the 2005 Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. Newspaper commentary on residential schools lawsuits accentuated the already constrained understanding of the agency, duration, and effects of the schools' harm within private law. Civil litigation was a strategy for seeking the accountability of churches and government; however, arguments in the mainstream media repeatedly asserted that the wrong of residential schooling was limited to specific, individual crimes of sexual and physical assault. These arguments reinforced the parameters imposed by tort law. The newspaper commentaries cultivated a common sense about residential schools that drew on the discourse of trauma and a neo-liberal discourse delegitimizing claims on state resources. Trauma's biographical scale and focus on the catastrophic event reinforced the emphasis on specific crimes. The neo-liberal taxpayer-citizen could empathize with the individual traumatized by violence, whilst dismissing broader claims about residential schooling. In newspaper commentary, then, residential schools became discursively dis-embedded from the broader framework of colonial policy. The claim of a collective experience of cultural loss was key in the struggle to resituate the schools within this framework; however, the recognition ultimately won may bear the imprint of a common sense that constrained what the recovery of culture could mean.
        Cet article fait un suivi de la production par les médias d'un sens commun canadien concernant les pensionnats autochtones (écoles résidentielles) au cours de la décennie qui a précédé l'Accord de règlement relatif aux pensionnats indiens de 2005. Les commentaires dans les journaux sur les poursuites liées aux pensionnats ont réduit la compréhension déjà limitée des préjudices causés par ces établissements, leur durée et leurs répercussions sur le droit privé. Le contentieux des affaires civiles a été utilisé comme stratégie pour obliger l'Église et le gouvernement à rendre compte de leurs actions, mais les médias populaires ont déclaré à maintes reprises que les préjudices causés par les pensionnats étaient limités à des crimes de violence sexuelle ou physique visant des individus. Ces déclarations ont renforcé les paramètres imposés par le droit de la responsabilité délictuelle. Les commentaires des journaux ont cultivé un sens commun au sujet des écoles résidentielles qui s'appuyait sur le discours de la traumatologie ainsi qu'un discours néo-libéral qui a délégitimé les revendications des ressources de l'État. L'échelle biographique et la convergence qui distinguent un événement tra um a tisa n t con trib u e n t à mettre l'accent sur des crimes particuliers. Le contribuable néolibéral peut ainsi éprouver de la sympathie pour la personne traumatisée par la violence to u t en faisant abstraction des revendications globales concernant les pensionnats. Dans les commentaires des journaux, les pensionnats o n t donc cessé de faire partie intégrante du cadre plus large de la po litiq ue coloniale. L'expression de l'expérience collective d 'une perte culturelle a été un élément clé des débats pour réintégrer les écoles dans ce cadre, mais la reconnaissance qui a été gagnée en dernier lieu est peut-être marquée par l'empreinte d 'un sens commun qui a lim ité l'importance du rétablissement culturel.
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    language: English
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