Neonatal pulmonology.

The lung provides alveolar capillary exchange surface of oxygen and carbon dioxide in order to meet the needs of aerobic cellular respiration. The embryonic lung buds originating from the foregut generate a tree like structure that develops into bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. The lung alveolar ep...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:International Journal of Child Health & Human Development Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 73 - 92
Autor principal: Ergaz-Shaltiel, Zivanit
Formato: Journal Article
Publicado: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Jan-Mar2016
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
Descripción
Sumario:The lung provides alveolar capillary exchange surface of oxygen and carbon dioxide in order to meet the needs of aerobic cellular respiration. The embryonic lung buds originating from the foregut generate a tree like structure that develops into bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. The lung alveolar epithelium consists of type I pneumocytes that exchange gases and type II pneumocytes that synthesize and secret surfactant. Surfactant is comprised of lipids and proteins that reduce surface tension at the airliquid interface and enhance host defense function. Congenital anomalies result from perturbations in lung and airway embryogenesis and may be associated with other birth defects. Both the level of the insult in the tracheobronchial tree and the gestational age of its occurrence correlate with the type of lesion and its histopathology.