Characterization of particle exposure in ferrochromium and stainless steel production.
This study describes workers'exposure to fine and ultrafine particles in the production chain of ferrochromium and stainless steel during sintering, ferrochromium smelting, stainless steel melting, and hot and cold rolling operations. Workers'personal exposure to inhalable dust was assessed using IO...
| Publicado en: | Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene Vol. 13; no. 7; pp. 558 - 569 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | pictorial research tables/charts tracings Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis Ltd
2016
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=116211403&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 116211403 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 15459624 V1L jtl: Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene issn: 15459624 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: 2016 vid: 13 iid: 7 pid: 377 pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 116211403 116211403 116211403 10.1080/15459624.2016.1159687 116211403 ppf: 558 ppct: 11 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Characterization of particle exposure in ferrochromium and stainless steel production. aug: au: Järvelä, Merja Huvinen, Markku Viitanen, Anna-Kaisa Kanerva, Tomi Vanhala, Esa Uitti, Jukka Koivisto, Antti J. Junttila, Sakari Luukkonen, Ritva Tuomi, Timo affil: Aerosols, Dusts and Metals, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland sug: subj: Environmental Exposure Finland Air Pollution Particulate Matter Manufacturing Industry Finland Human Steel Chromium Finland Particle Size ab: This study describes workers'exposure to fine and ultrafine particles in the production chain of ferrochromium and stainless steel during sintering, ferrochromium smelting, stainless steel melting, and hot and cold rolling operations. Workers'personal exposure to inhalable dust was assessed using IOM sampler with a cellulose acetate filter (AAWP, diameter 25 mm; Millipore, Bedford, MA). Filter sampling methods were used to measure particle mass concentrations in fixed locations. Particle number concentrations and size distributions were examined using an SMPS+C sequential mobile particle sizer and counter (series 5.400, Grimm Aerosol Technik, Ainring, Germany), and a hand-held condensation particle counter (CPC, model 3007,TSI Incorporated, MN). The structure and elemental composition of particles were analyzed using TEM-EDXA (TEM: JEM-1220,JEOL, Tokyo, Japan; EDXA: Noran System Six, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Madison,WI). Workers'personal exposure to inhalable dust averaged 1.87,1.40,2.34,0.30, and 0.17 mg m-3 in sintering plant, ferrochromium smelter, stainless steel melting shop, hot rolling mill, and the cold rolling mill, respectively. Particle number concentrations measured using SMPS+C varied from 58 x 10³ to 662 x 10³ cm-3 in the production areas, whereas concentrations measured using SMPS+C and CPC3007 in control rooms ranged from 24 x 10³ to 243 x 10³ cm-3 and 5.1 x 10³ to 97 x 10³ cm-3, respectively. The elemental composition and the structure of particles in different production phases varied. In the cold-rolling mill non-process particles were abundant. In other sites, chromium and iron originating from ore and recycled steel scrap were the most common elements in the particles studied. Particle mass concentrations were at the same level as that reported earlier. However, particle number measurements showed a high amount of ultrafine particles, especially in sintering, alloy smelting and melting, and tapping operations. Particle number concentration and size distribution measurements provide important information regarding exposure to ultrafine particles, which cannot be seen in particle mass measurements. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: pictorial research tables/charts tracings Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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