| Sumario: | Aim: to identify the changes in basic human needs in patients undergoing kidney transplantation, in the light of the Theory of Basic Human Needs. Method: a cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach, conducted on 68 patients in the post-operative of renal transplant in a hospital in northeastern Brazil between the months of October 2013 and March 2014. The data collection instruments used were a script of anamnesis and a physical examination. The results were analyzed through Horta Theory. Results: a total of 13 changed needs have been identified, the most frequent being; elimination, oxygenation, hydration, mucocutaneous integrity, sleep/rest, nutrition and recreation. Conclusion: the study identified that there were changes in the basic human needs of patients undergoing kidney transplantation, that could be divided into psychobiological and psychosocial needs, that are relevant in supporting the development of a more specific plan of care for these clientele.
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