| Sumario: | Aim: to evaluate, in patients in postoperative cancer surgery, the presence of distress and changes in self-esteem, and their possible relationship to the surgical treatment. Method: a cross-sectional study, quantitative, correlational, performed in a hospital located in the state of Minas Gerais. Three instruments of data collection were used: Thermometer Distress, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a questionnaire about the participants. Results: 100 patients participated with an average age of59.56years, with urological cancer (30%), mostly men (54.0%). The presence of distress was identified in 65% of patients whose average score was 5.05. The average self-esteem level was 7.07. The distress and self-esteem variables were significantly correlated. Conclusion: the better the level of self-esteem, the lower the distress; variables of age and education had no relationship; there was no significant difference between gender and tumor types.
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