Investigating task inhibition in children versus adults: A diffusion model analysis.
One can take n − 2 task repetition costs as a measure of inhibition on the level of task sets. When switching back to a Task A after only one intermediate trial (ABA task sequence), Task A is thought to still be inhibited, leading to performance costs relative to task sequences where switching back...
| Publicado en: | Journal of Experimental Child Psychology Vol. 156; pp. 143 - 168 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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Academic Press Inc.
Apr2017
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=120777073&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 120777073 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00220965 JEX jtl: Journal of Experimental Child Psychology issn: 00220965 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Apr2017 vid: 156 pid: 735 pub: Academic Press Inc. artinfo: ui: 120777073 10.1016/j.jecp.2016.11.012 ppf: 143 ppct: 25 formats: tig: atl: Investigating task inhibition in children versus adults: A diffusion model analysis. aug: au: Schuch, Stefanie Konrad, Kerstin affil: Institute of Psychology, RWTH Aachen University, 52066 Aachen, Germany Child Neuropsychology Section, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany JARA–Brain Institute II, Research Center Juelich, 52425 Juelich, Germany su: Child psychology Cognitive ability Response inhibition Reaction time Task analysis sug: subj: Child psychology Cognitive ability Response inhibition Reaction time Task analysis keyword: Cognitive control Cognitive development Diffusion model analysis N − 2 Task repetition costs Response time distributional analysis Task inhibition Cognitive control Cognitive development Diffusion model analysis N − 2 Task repetition costs Response time distributional analysis Task inhibition ab: One can take n − 2 task repetition costs as a measure of inhibition on the level of task sets. When switching back to a Task A after only one intermediate trial (ABA task sequence), Task A is thought to still be inhibited, leading to performance costs relative to task sequences where switching back to Task A is preceded by at least two intermediary trials (CBA). The current study investigated differences in inhibitory ability between children and adults by comparing n − 2 task repetition costs in children (9–11 years of age, N = 32) and young adults (21–30 years of age, N = 32). The mean reaction times and error rate differences between ABA and CBA sequences did not differ between the two age groups. However, diffusion model analysis revealed that different cognitive processes contribute to the inhibition effect in the two age groups: The adults, but not the children, showed a smaller drift rate in ABA than in CBA, suggesting that persisting task inhibition is associated with slower response selection in adults. In children, non-decision time was longer in ABA than in CBA, possibly reflecting longer task preparation in ABA than in CBA. In addition, Ex–Gaussian functions were fitted to the distributions of correct reaction times. In adults, the ABA–CBA difference was reflected in the exponential parameter of the distribution; in children, the ABA–CBA difference was found in the Gaussian mu parameter. Hence, Ex–Gaussian analysis, although noisier, was generally in line with diffusion model analysis. Taken together, the data suggest that the task inhibition effect found in mean performance is mediated by different cognitive processes in children versus adults. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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