Differential release of manure-borne bioactive phosphorus forms to runoff and leachate under simulated rain.
Limited information exists on the unhindered release of bioactive phosphorus (P) from a manure layer to model the partitioning and transport of component P forms before they reach an underlying soil. Rain simulations were conducted to quantify effects of intensity (30, 60, and 90 mm h −1 ) on P rele...
| Publicado en: | Journal of Environmental Management Vol. 192; pp. 309 - 319 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
Academic Press Inc.
May2017
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=121358570&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 121358570 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 03014797 EMJ jtl: Journal of Environmental Management issn: 03014797 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: May2017 vid: 192 pid: 735 pub: Academic Press Inc. artinfo: ui: 121358570 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.057 ppf: 309 ppct: 10 formats: tig: atl: Differential release of manure-borne bioactive phosphorus forms to runoff and leachate under simulated rain. aug: au: Blaustein, R.A. Dao, Thanh H. Pachepsky, Y.A. Shelton, D.R. affil: USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Environmental Microbial Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA USDA, ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Crop Systems and Global Change Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA su: Phosphorus analysis Runoff Leachate Soil composition Manures sug: subj: Phosphorus analysis Runoff Leachate Soil composition Manures keyword: Bioactive phosphorus forms DRP Dissolved-reactive P Enzyme-labile phosphorus FWHM Full width at half-concentration max FWMC Flow-weighed mean concentration Log-normal probability density function Manure phosphorus in runoff Organic phosphorus Stochastic transport of phosphorus TBIOP Total exchangeable and enzyme-labile bioactive P TP Total acid-digest P WEP Water-extractable phosphorus Bioactive phosphorus forms DRP Dissolved-reactive P Enzyme-labile phosphorus FWHM Full width at half-concentration max FWMC Flow-weighed mean concentration Log-normal probability density function Manure phosphorus in runoff Organic phosphorus Stochastic transport of phosphorus TBIOP Total exchangeable and enzyme-labile bioactive P TP Total acid-digest P WEP Water-extractable phosphorus ab: Limited information exists on the unhindered release of bioactive phosphorus (P) from a manure layer to model the partitioning and transport of component P forms before they reach an underlying soil. Rain simulations were conducted to quantify effects of intensity (30, 60, and 90 mm h −1 ) on P release from an application of 60 Mg ha −1 of dairy manure. Runoff contained water-extractable- (WEP), exchangeable and enzyme-labile bioactive P (TBIOP), in contrast to the operationally defined “dissolved-reactive P” form. The released P concentrations and flow-weighed mass loads were described by the log-normal probability density function. At a reference condition of 30 mm h −1 and maintaining the surface at a 5% incline, runoff was minimal, and WEP accounted for 20.9% of leached total P (TP) concentrations, with an additional 25–30% as exchangeable and enzyme-labile bioactive P over the 1-h simulation. On a 20% incline, increased intensity accelerated occurrence of concentration max and shifted the skewed P concentration distribution more to the left. Differences in trends of WEP, TBIOP, or net enzyme-labile P (PHP o ) cumulative mass released per unit mass of manure between intensities were attributable to the higher frequency of raindrops striking the manure layer, thus increasing detachment and load of colloidal PHP o of the water phases. Thus, detailed knowledge of manure physical characteristics, bioactive P distribution in relation to rain intensity, and attainment of steady-state of water fluxes were critical factors in improved prediction of partitioning and movement of manure-borne P under rainfall. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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