Individual differences in working memory capacity and resistance to belief bias in syllogistic reasoning.

In two experiments, we investigated the possibility that individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) would provide resistance to belief bias in syllogistic reasoning. In Experiment 1 (N = 157), participants showed a belief bias effect in that they had longer response times and decreased...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Vol. 70; no. 8; pp. 1471 - 1485
Autores principales: Robison, Matthew K., Unsworth, Nash
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Sage Publications Inc. Aug2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=121445142&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 121445142
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        17470218
        1US5
      jtl: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
      issn: 17470218
      maglogo: Y
    pubinfo:
      dt: Aug2017
      vid: 70
      iid: 8
      pid: 344
      pub: Sage Publications Inc.
    artinfo:
      ui:
        121445142
        10.1080/17470218.2016.1188406
      ppf: 1471
      ppct: 14
      formats:
      tig:
        atl: Individual differences in working memory capacity and resistance to belief bias in syllogistic reasoning.
      aug:
        au:
          Robison, Matthew K.
          Unsworth, Nash
        affil: Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
      su:
        Short-term memory
        Reasoning -- Testing
        Syllogism
        Fluid intelligence
        Cognitive bias
      sug:
        subj:
          Short-term memory
          Reasoning -- Testing
          Syllogism
          Fluid intelligence
          Cognitive bias
      keyword:
        biases
        reasoning
        Working memory
        biases
        reasoning
        Working memory
      ab: In two experiments, we investigated the possibility that individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) would provide resistance to belief bias in syllogistic reasoning. In Experiment 1 (N = 157), participants showed a belief bias effect in that they had longer response times and decreased accuracy on syllogisms with conflict between the validity and believability of the conclusion than on syllogisms with no such conflict. However, this effect did not differ as a function of individual differences in WMC. Experiment 2 (N = 122) replicated this effect with the addition of decontextualized (i.e., nonsense) syllogisms as a different means of measuring the magnitude of the belief bias effect. Although individual differences in WMC and fluid intelligence were related to better reasoning overall, the magnitude of the belief bias effect was not smaller for participants with greater WMC. The present study offers two novel findings: (a) The belief bias effect is independent of individual differences in WMC and fluid intelligence, and (b) resolving conflict in verbal reasoning is not a type of conflict resolution that correlates with individual differences in WMC, further establishing boundary conditions for the role of WMC in human cognitive processes.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N