Pain in amaXhosa women living with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study of ambulant outpatients.
Background: Pain is one of the most commonly reported symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS, whether or not they are receiving anti-retroviral therapy. A recent systematic review identified a paucity of studies exploring pain in women in low and middle income countries. The prevalence and characte...
| Published in: | BMC Women's Health Vol. 17; pp. 1 - 12 |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article |
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BioMed Central
4/13/2017
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=122550548&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 122550548 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 14726874 1CIP jtl: BMC Women's Health issn: 14726874 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 4/13/2017 vid: 17 pid: 24147 pub: BioMed Central artinfo: ui: 122550548 122550548 NLM28407737 122550548 10.1186/s12905-017-0388-9 NLM28407737 122550548 ppf: 1 ppct: 11 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Pain in amaXhosa women living with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study of ambulant outpatients. aug: au: Parker, Romy Jelsma, Jennifer Stein, Dan J. affil: Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa sug: subj: Pain Epidemiology HIV Infections Complications Pain Therapy Adult Ambulatory Care Facilities Administration HIV-1 Female Psychometrics Methods Psychometrics Equipment and Supplies South Africa HIV Infections Psychosocial Factors Pain Etiology Cross Sectional Studies Adolescence Brief Pain Inventory Psychological Tests Questionnaires Scales Human Outpatients Adult: 19-44 years Adolescent: 13-18 years Female ab: Background: Pain is one of the most commonly reported symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS, whether or not they are receiving anti-retroviral therapy. A recent systematic review identified a paucity of studies exploring pain in women in low and middle income countries. The prevalence and characteristics of pain in women living with HIV/AIDS may differ from that of men as many chronic pain conditions are more prevalent in women. The aims of this study were to establish pain prevalence, characteristics and management in amaXhosa women living with HIV/AIDS. In addition, we aimed to identify whether there were associations between pain in this population and the psychosocial factors of employment, education, self-efficacy, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, health related quality of life and childhood trauma.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 229 women who had undergone HIV testing and were registered patients at a community health centre was conducted. Data were collected by interview with a demographic questionnaire, the Brief Pain Inventory-Xhosa, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Xhosa, Harvard Trauma Questionnaire-Xhosa for PTSD, Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale-Xhosa; the EQ-5D health related quality of life instrument, and the Beck Depression Inventory.Results: 170 of the women had pain, a prevalence rate of 74.24% (95%CI 68.2 - 79.47%). The women reported significant pain with pain severity of 5.06 ± 1.57 and pain interference of 6.39 ± 1.96 out of 10. Only two women were receiving adequate pain management according to the pain management index. Participants reported a mean of 2.42 ± 1.21 different anatomical sites of pain. There were more unemployed participants in the group with pain and they had significantly fewer years of schooling. Those with pain had lower self-efficacy; health related quality of life and increased depression and PTSD symptom severity.Conclusion: This study highlights that pain is a common problem for amaXhosa women living with HIV/AIDS. These data emphasise the need to prioritise pain assessment and management in amaXhosa women living with HIV/AIDS. Routinely assessing for the presence of pain in women with HIV/AIDS has the potential to improve pain management and minimise the impact of pain on function. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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