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Identifying combinatorial biomarkers by association rule mining in the CAMD Alzheimer's database.

The concept of combinatorial biomarkers was conceived when it was noticed that simple biomarkers are often inadequate for recognizing and characterizing complex diseases. Here we present an algorithmic search method for complex biomarkers which may predict or indicate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and ot...

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Published in:Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics Vol. 73; pp. 300 - 308
Main Authors: Szalkai, Balázs, Grolmusz, Vince K., Grolmusz, Vince I.
Format: research Journal Article
Published: Elsevier B.V. Nov2017
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        01674943
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      jtl: Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics
      issn: 01674943
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      dt: Nov2017
      vid: 73
      pid: 1004
      pub: Elsevier B.V.
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        125311184
        125311184
        125311184
        10.1016/j.archger.2017.08.006
        125311184
      ppf: 300
      ppct: 8
      formats:
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        atl: Identifying combinatorial biomarkers by association rule mining in the CAMD Alzheimer's database.
      aug:
        au:
          Szalkai, Balázs
          Grolmusz, Vince K.
          Grolmusz, Vince I.
        affil: PIT Bioinformatics Group, Eötvös University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
      sug:
        subj:
          Biological Markers Analysis
          Data Mining Methods
          Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factors
          Databases Utilization
          Algorithms
          Data Analysis Software
          Prospective Studies
          Sample Size
          Human
          Vitamin B12
          Sodium Blood
          Aspartate Aminotransferase
          Blood Glucose
          Cholesterol
      ab: The concept of combinatorial biomarkers was conceived when it was noticed that simple biomarkers are often inadequate for recognizing and characterizing complex diseases. Here we present an algorithmic search method for complex biomarkers which may predict or indicate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other kinds of dementia. We show that our method is universal since it can describe any Boolean function for biomarker discovery. We applied data mining techniques that are capable to uncover implication-like logical schemes with detailed quality scoring. The new SCARF program was applied for the Tucson, Arizona based Critical Path Institute's CAMD database, containing laboratory and cognitive test data for 5821 patients from the placebo arm of clinical trials of large pharmaceutical companies, and consequently, the data is much more reliable than numerous other databases for dementia. The results of our study on this larger than 5800-patient cohort suggest beneficial effects of high B12 vitamin level, negative effects of high sodium levels or high AST (aspartate aminotransferase) liver enzyme levels to cognition. As an example for a more complex and quite surprising rule: Low or normal blood glucose level with either low cholesterol or high serum sodium would also increase the probability of bad cognition with a 3.7 multiplier. The source code of the new SCARF program is publicly available at http://pitgroup.org/static/scarf.zip .
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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