Twitter-Based Detection of Illegal Online Sale of Prescription Opioid.

Objectives. To deploy a methodology accurately identifying tweets marketing the illegal online sale of controlled substances. Methods. We first collected tweets from the Twitter public application program interface stream filtered for prescription opioid keywords. We then used unsupervised machine l...

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Published in:American Journal of Public Health Vol. 107; no. 12; pp. 1910 - 1916
Main Authors: Mackey, Tim K., Kalyanam, Janani, Takeo Katsuki, Lanckriet, Gert
Format: Article
Published: American Public Health Association Dec2017
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Dec2017
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      pub: American Public Health Association
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        10.2105/AJPH.2017.303994
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        atl: Twitter-Based Detection of Illegal Online Sale of Prescription Opioid.
      aug:
        au:
          Mackey, Tim K.
          Kalyanam, Janani
          Takeo Katsuki
          Lanckriet, Gert
        affil:
          Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego.
          Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
          Global Health Policy Institute, San Diego.
          Global Health Policy Institute, University of California, San Diego.
          Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego.
          Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego.
      su:
        United States
        Twitter (Web resource)
        Drugs of abuse
        Prices
        Law
        Forensic sciences
        Narcotics
        World Wide Web
        Oxycodone
        Social media
        Controlled substances
        Opioids
        Internet sales
        Controlled substance laws
        Legal status of drug dealers
        Internet pharmacies
        Website laws
        Drug laws
        Fentanyl
        Codeine
        Rating of sales personnel
        Mobile apps
        Descriptive statistics
      sug:
        subj:
          Drugs of abuse
          Prices
          Law
          Forensic sciences
          Narcotics
          World Wide Web
          Oxycodone
          Social media
          Controlled substances
          United States
          Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing
          Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
          Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing
          Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers
          Pharmaceuticals and pharmacy supplies merchant wholesalers
          Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals
          Electronic Shopping
          Opioids
          Internet sales
          Controlled substance laws
          Legal status of drug dealers
          Internet pharmacies
          Website laws
          Drug laws
          Fentanyl
          Codeine
          Rating of sales personnel
          Mobile apps
          Descriptive statistics
          Twitter (Web resource)
      ab: Objectives. To deploy a methodology accurately identifying tweets marketing the illegal online sale of controlled substances. Methods. We first collected tweets from the Twitter public application program interface stream filtered for prescription opioid keywords. We then used unsupervised machine learning (specifically, topic modeling) to identify topics associated with illegal online marketing and sales. Finally, we conducted Web forensic analyses to characterize different types of online vendors. We analyzed 619 937 tweets containing the keywords codeine, Percocet, fentanyl, Vicodin, Oxycontin, oxycodone, and hydrocodone over a 5-month period from June to November 2015. Results. A total of 1778 tweets (< 1%) were identified as marketing the sale of controlled substances online; 90% had imbedded hyperlinks, but only 46 were “live” at the time of the evaluation. Seven distinct URLs linked to Web sites marketing or illegally selling controlled substances online. Conclusions. Our methodology can identify illegal online sale of prescription opioids from large volumes of tweets. Our results indicate that controlled substances are trafficked online via different strategies and vendors.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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