Selective Effects of Psychotherapy on Frontopolar Cortical Function in PTSD.

<bold>Objective: </bold>Exposure therapy is an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but a comprehensive, emotion-focused perspective on how psychotherapy affects brain function is lacking. The authors assessed changes in brain function after prolonged exposure therapy across...

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Published in:American Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 174; no. 12; pp. 1175 - 1185
Main Authors: Fonzo, Gregory A., Goodkind, Madeleine S., Oathes, Desmond J., Zaiko, Yevgeniya V., Harvey, Meredith, Peng, Kathy K., Weiss, M. Elizabeth, Thompson, Allison L., Zack, Sanno E., Mills-Finnerty, Colleen E., Rosenberg, Benjamin M., Edelstein, Raleigh, Wright, Rachael N., Kole, Carena A., Lindley, Steven E., Arnow, Bruce A., Jo, Booil, Gross, James J., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Etkin, Amit
Format: journal article
Published: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Dec2017
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Dec2017
      vid: 174
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      pub: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
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        126519393
        10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.16091073
      ppf: 1175
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      tig:
        atl: Selective Effects of Psychotherapy on Frontopolar Cortical Function in PTSD.
      aug:
        au:
          Fonzo, Gregory A.
          Goodkind, Madeleine S.
          Oathes, Desmond J.
          Zaiko, Yevgeniya V.
          Harvey, Meredith
          Peng, Kathy K.
          Weiss, M. Elizabeth
          Thompson, Allison L.
          Zack, Sanno E.
          Mills-Finnerty, Colleen E.
          Rosenberg, Benjamin M.
          Edelstein, Raleigh
          Wright, Rachael N.
          Kole, Carena A.
          Lindley, Steven E.
          Arnow, Bruce A.
          Jo, Booil
          Gross, James J.
          Rothbaum, Barbara O.
          Etkin, Amit
      su:
        Treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder
        Well-being
        Behavior therapy
        Emotions
        Post-traumatic stress disorder
        Randomized controlled trials
        Physiology
        Brain function localization
        Prefrontal cortex
        Hypothalamus
        Basal ganglia
        Comparative studies
        Frontal lobe
        Magnetic resonance imaging
        Research methodology
        Medical cooperation
        Neurologic examination
        Research
        Research funding
        Statistical sampling
        Transcranial magnetic stimulation
        Evaluation research
        Treatment effectiveness
        Neural pathways
      sug:
        subj:
          Treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder
          Well-being
          Behavior therapy
          Emotions
          Post-traumatic stress disorder
          Randomized controlled trials
          Physiology
          Diagnostic Imaging Centers
          Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling
          Brain function localization
          Prefrontal cortex
          Hypothalamus
          Basal ganglia
          Comparative studies
          Frontal lobe
          Magnetic resonance imaging
          Research methodology
          Medical cooperation
          Neurologic examination
          Research
          Research funding
          Statistical sampling
          Transcranial magnetic stimulation
          Evaluation research
          Treatment effectiveness
          Neural pathways
      keyword:
        Brain Imaging Techniques
        Emotion Regulation
        Frontopolar Cortex
        Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
        Psychotherapy
        Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
        Brain Imaging Techniques
        Emotion Regulation
        Frontopolar Cortex
        Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
        Psychotherapy
        Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
      ab: <bold>Objective: </bold>Exposure therapy is an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but a comprehensive, emotion-focused perspective on how psychotherapy affects brain function is lacking. The authors assessed changes in brain function after prolonged exposure therapy across three emotional reactivity and regulation paradigms.<bold>Method: </bold>Individuals with PTSD underwent functional MRI (fMRI) at rest and while completing three tasks assessing emotional reactivity and regulation. Individuals were then randomly assigned to immediate prolonged exposure treatment (N=36) or a waiting list condition (N=30) and underwent a second scan approximately 4 weeks after the last treatment session or a comparable waiting period, respectively.<bold>Results: </bold>Treatment-specific changes were observed only during cognitive reappraisal of negative images. Psychotherapy increased lateral frontopolar cortex activity and connectivity with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex/ventral striatum. Greater increases in frontopolar activation were associated with improvement in hyperarousal symptoms and psychological well-being. The frontopolar cortex also displayed a greater variety of temporal resting-state signal pattern changes after treatment. Concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation and fMRI in healthy participants demonstrated that the lateral frontopolar cortex exerts downstream influence on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex/ventral striatum.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Changes in frontopolar function during deliberate regulation of negative affect is one key mechanism of adaptive psychotherapeutic change in PTSD. Given that frontopolar connectivity with ventromedial regions during emotion regulation is enhanced by psychotherapy and that the frontopolar cortex exerts downstream influence on ventromedial regions in healthy individuals, these findings inform a novel conceptualization of how psychotherapy works, and they identify a promising target for stimulation-based therapeutics.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: journal article
      src: R
    language: English
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