Application of Kernel Density Estimates to Lead Isotope Compositions of Bronzes from Ningxia, North‐West China.

The aim of this paper is to apply kernel density estimates (KDEs) to the visualization and interpretation of lead isotope data from bronze assemblages found along the northern border of central China, here designated as the Arc. New lead isotope analyses of 30 leaded tin–bronze artefacts from the Wa...

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Publicado en:Archaeometry Vol. 60; no. 1; pp. 128 - 144
Autores principales: Hsu, Y.‐K., Rawson, J., Pollard, A. M., Ma, Q., Luo, F., Yao, P.‐H., Shen, C.‐C.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Feb2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Application of Kernel Density Estimates to Lead Isotope Compositions of Bronzes from Ningxia, North‐West China.
      aug:
        au:
          Hsu, Y.‐K.
          Rawson, J.
          Pollard, A. M.
          Ma, Q.
          Luo, F.
          Yao, P.‐H.
          Shen, C.‐C.
        affil:
          School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3TG, UK
          Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
          Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
      su:
        Bronzes
        Lead isotopes
        Probability density function
        Ore deposits
        Archaeology
        China
      sug:
        subj:
          China
          Bronzes
          Lead isotopes
          Probability density function
          Ore deposits
          Archaeology
      keyword:
        KDE
        lead isotopes
        Ningxia
        northern bronzes
        Wangdahu
      ab: The aim of this paper is to apply kernel density estimates (KDEs) to the visualization and interpretation of lead isotope data from bronze assemblages found along the northern border of central China, here designated as the Arc. New lead isotope analyses of 30 leaded tin–bronze artefacts from the Wangdahu cemetery (c.500–300 bc) in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, north‐west China, provide the basis for the discussion. By using multivariate KDEs and the calculated likelihood of the overlap, the present work shows that the Wangdahu objects feature a unique linear array of isotope ratios, representing an important element of overall bronzes from the Arc in the first millennium bc. This characteristic isotope signature is fundamentally different from that of Dajing ores in north‐east China, as well from that of early Qin bronzes in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. This suggests that a variety of metal resources were utilized by peoples living in the Arc. The KDE approach thus proves effective at presenting and comparing lead isotope data.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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    language: English
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