Recurrent neural networks with specialized word embeddings for health-domain named-entity recognition.

Background: Previous state-of-the-art systems on Drug Name Recognition (DNR) and Clinical Concept Extraction (CCE) have focused on a combination of text "feature engineering" and conventional machine learning algorithms such as conditional random fields and support vector machines. However, developi...

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Publicado en:Journal of Biomedical Informatics Vol. 76; pp. 102 - 110
Autores principales: Jauregi Unanue, Iñigo, Zare Borzeshi, Ehsan, Piccardi, Massimo, Unanue, Iñigo Jauregi, Borzeshi, Ehsan Zare
Formato: Journal Article
Publicado: Academic Press Inc. Dec2017
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Dec2017
      vid: 76
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      pub: Academic Press Inc.
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        10.1016/j.jbi.2017.11.007
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        atl: Recurrent neural networks with specialized word embeddings for health-domain named-entity recognition.
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        au:
          Jauregi Unanue, Iñigo
          Zare Borzeshi, Ehsan
          Piccardi, Massimo
          Unanue, Iñigo Jauregi
          Borzeshi, Ehsan Zare
        affil: University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia
      sug:
        subj:
          Resource Databases
          Neural Networks (Computer)
          Algorithms
          Scales
      ab: Background: Previous state-of-the-art systems on Drug Name Recognition (DNR) and Clinical Concept Extraction (CCE) have focused on a combination of text "feature engineering" and conventional machine learning algorithms such as conditional random fields and support vector machines. However, developing good features is inherently heavily time-consuming. Conversely, more modern machine learning approaches such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have proved capable of automatically learning effective features from either random assignments or automated word "embeddings".Objectives: (i) To create a highly accurate DNR and CCE system that avoids conventional, time-consuming feature engineering. (ii) To create richer, more specialized word embeddings by using health domain datasets such as MIMIC-III. (iii) To evaluate our systems over three contemporary datasets.Methods: Two deep learning methods, namely the Bidirectional LSTM and the Bidirectional LSTM-CRF, are evaluated. A CRF model is set as the baseline to compare the deep learning systems to a traditional machine learning approach. The same features are used for all the models.Results: We have obtained the best results with the Bidirectional LSTM-CRF model, which has outperformed all previously proposed systems. The specialized embeddings have helped to cover unusual words in DrugBank and MedLine, but not in the i2b2/VA dataset.Conclusions: We present a state-of-the-art system for DNR and CCE. Automated word embeddings has allowed us to avoid costly feature engineering and achieve higher accuracy. Nevertheless, the embeddings need to be retrained over datasets that are adequate for the domain, in order to adequately cover the domain-specific vocabulary.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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