Estimating error rates for firearm evidence identifications in forensic science.
Estimating error rates for firearm evidence identification is a fundamental challenge in forensic science. This paper describes the recently developed congruent matching cells (CMC) method for image comparisons, its application to firearm evidence identification, and its usage and initial tests for...
| Publicado en: | Forensic Science International Vol. 284; pp. 15 - 33 |
|---|---|
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Elsevier B.V.
Mar2018
|
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=128002324&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 128002324 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 03790738 3L0 jtl: Forensic Science International issn: 03790738 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Mar2018 vid: 284 pid: 82545 pub: Elsevier B.V. place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 128002324 128002324 NLM29331680 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.12.013 NLM29331680 128002324 ppf: 15 ppct: 18 formats: tig: atl: Estimating error rates for firearm evidence identifications in forensic science. aug: au: Song, John Vorburger, Theodore V. Chu, Wei Yen, James Soons, Johannes A. Ott, Daniel B. Zhang, Nien Fan affil: Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA sug: ab: Estimating error rates for firearm evidence identification is a fundamental challenge in forensic science. This paper describes the recently developed congruent matching cells (CMC) method for image comparisons, its application to firearm evidence identification, and its usage and initial tests for error rate estimation. The CMC method divides compared topography images into correlation cells. Four identification parameters are defined for quantifying both the topography similarity of the correlated cell pairs and the pattern congruency of the registered cell locations. A declared match requires a significant number of CMCs, i.e., cell pairs that meet all similarity and congruency requirements. Initial testing on breech face impressions of a set of 40 cartridge cases fired with consecutively manufactured pistol slides showed wide separation between the distributions of CMC numbers observed for known matching and known non-matching image pairs. Another test on 95 cartridge cases from a different set of slides manufactured by the same process also yielded widely separated distributions. The test results were used to develop two statistical models for the probability mass function of CMC correlation scores. The models were applied to develop a framework for estimating cumulative false positive and false negative error rates and individual error rates of declared matches and non-matches for this population of breech face impressions. The prospect for applying the models to large populations and realistic case work is also discussed. The CMC method can provide a statistical foundation for estimating error rates in firearm evidence identifications, thus emulating methods used for forensic identification of DNA evidence. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|