Concepts, Control, and Context: A Connectionist Account of Normal and Disordered Semantic Cognition.
Semantic cognition requires conceptual representations shaped by verbal and nonverbal experience and executive control processes that regulate activation of knowledge to meet current situational demands. A complete model must also account for the representation of concrete and abstract words, of tax...
| Publicado en: | Psychological Review Vol. 125; no. 3; pp. 293 - 329 |
|---|---|
| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
American Psychological Association
Apr2018
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=129553049&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 129553049 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 0033295X PYV jtl: Psychological Review issn: 0033295X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Apr2018 vid: 125 iid: 3 pid: 34 pub: American Psychological Association artinfo: ui: 129553049 10.1037/rev0000094 ppf: 293 ppct: 36 formats: tig: atl: Concepts, Control, and Context: A Connectionist Account of Normal and Disordered Semantic Cognition. aug: au: Hoffman, Paul McClelland, James L. Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon affil: University of Manchester and University of Edinburgh Stanford University University of Manchester su: Semantics Cognition disorders Neurosciences sug: subj: Semantics Cognition disorders Neurosciences keyword: imageability parallel distributed processing semantic aphasia semantic dementia semantic diversity imageability parallel distributed processing semantic aphasia semantic dementia semantic diversity ab: Semantic cognition requires conceptual representations shaped by verbal and nonverbal experience and executive control processes that regulate activation of knowledge to meet current situational demands. A complete model must also account for the representation of concrete and abstract words, of taxonomic and associative relationships, and for the role of context in shaping meaning. We present the first major attempt to assimilate all of these elements within a unified, implemented computational framework. Our model combines a hub-and-spoke architecture with a buffer that allows its state to be influenced by prior context. This hybrid structure integrates the view, from cognitive neuroscience, that concepts are grounded in sensory-motor representation with the view, from computational linguistics, that knowledge is shaped by patterns of lexical co-occurrence. The model successfully codes knowledge for abstract and concrete words, associative and taxonomic relationships, and the multiple meanings of homonyms, within a single representational space. Knowledge of abstract words is acquired through (a) their patterns of co-occurrence with other words and (b) acquired embodiment, whereby they become indirectly associated with the perceptual features of co-occurring concrete words. The model accounts for executive influences on semantics by including a controlled retrieval mechanism that provides top-down input to amplify weak semantic relationships. The representational and control elements of the model can be damaged independently, and the consequences of such damage closely replicate effects seen in neuropsychological patients with loss of semantic representation versus control processes. Thus, the model provides a wide-ranging and neurally plausible account of normal and impaired semantic cognition. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|