Mistress vs Maid: Race, Class, Nation and Boundaries between Women in Argentine Fiction since the Mid‐Nineteenth Century.

This article analyses the historical construction of the ‘maid’ and the ‘mistress’ in Argentine literature from the mid-nineteenth century through to today. Inspired by the surprising continuities, as well as the less dramatic changes, in the portrayal of the mistress-maid relationship, it explores...

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Published in:Gender & History Vol. 30; no. 2; pp. 401 - 423
Main Authors: Dunstan, Inés, Pit, Rebekah
Format: Article
Published: Wiley-Blackwell Jul2018
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        atl: Mistress vs Maid: Race, Class, Nation and Boundaries between Women in Argentine Fiction since the Mid‐Nineteenth Century.
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          Dunstan, Inés
          Pit, Rebekah
      su:
        Argentine literature -- History & criticism
        Women in literature
        Social classes
        Women household employees in literature
        Race in literature
        Mármol, José
        Rosas, Juan Manuel José Domingo Ortiz de, 1793-1877
        Sarmiento, Domingo Faustino, 1811-1888
        Argentina
      sug:
        subj:
          Argentina
          Argentine literature -- History & criticism
          Women in literature
          Social classes
          Women household employees in literature
          Race in literature
          Mármol, José
          Rosas, Juan Manuel José Domingo Ortiz de, 1793-1877
          Sarmiento, Domingo Faustino, 1811-1888
      ab: This article analyses the historical construction of the ‘maid’ and the ‘mistress’ in Argentine literature from the mid-nineteenth century through to today. Inspired by the surprising continuities, as well as the less dramatic changes, in the portrayal of the mistress-maid relationship, it explores literary representations of this ubiquitous but understudied duo. The article reveals how overlapping constructions of gender, race, class, sexuality and national identity have shaped differential understandings of women’s ‘appropriate’ domestic roles. Situating such ideas in relation to contemporary politics and historical legacies of slavery and violence against indigenous and mixed-race peoples highlights the long shadows cast by institutionalised racism. Writers have frequently associated a privileged Argentine identity with the figure of the white mistress and set her in opposition to the figure of the ‘inferior’ non-white maid, suggesting that the white mistresses should maintain racial and class boundaries to preserve order. While this article also examines works that highlight the oppression of the maid, it finds they too have reiterated features of the dominant discourse. We argue that the fraught place of the mistress and the maid in Argentine literature reveals a larger unease with the place of women, especially subaltern women, in Argentina’s national imagination.
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    language: English
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