A systematic search and qualitative review of reporting bias of lifestyle interventions in randomized controlled trials of diabetes prevention and management.

Background: Scholars have documented presumptions regarding the relationships between diet, exercise, weight, and type 2 diabetes. However, it is unclear to what extent researchers contribute to these presumptions, and how often these relationships are thoroughly delineated within the context of ran...

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Published in:Nutrition Journal Vol. 17; no. 1
Main Authors: Riediger, Natalie D., Bombak, Andrea E., Mudryj, Adriana, Bensley, Jackson, Ankomah, Samuel
Format: research Journal Article
Published: BioMed Central 9/7/2018
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: 9/7/2018
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        atl: A systematic search and qualitative review of reporting bias of lifestyle interventions in randomized controlled trials of diabetes prevention and management.
      aug:
        au:
          Riediger, Natalie D.
          Bombak, Andrea E.
          Mudryj, Adriana
          Bensley, Jackson
          Ankomah, Samuel
        affil: Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, 407 Human Ecology Building, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
      sug:
        subj:
          Life Style
          Clinical Trials
          Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Epidemiology
          Treatment Outcomes
          Diet
          Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Therapy
          Behavior Therapy
          Exercise
          Weight Loss
          Diabetes Mellitus Complications
          Body Weight
          Obesity Complications
          Adult
          Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Prevention and Control
          Obesity Therapy
          Human
          Validation Studies
          Comparative Studies
          Evaluation Research
          Multicenter Studies
          Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale
          Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index
          Adult: 19-44 years
      ab: Background: Scholars have documented presumptions regarding the relationships between diet, exercise, weight, and type 2 diabetes. However, it is unclear to what extent researchers contribute to these presumptions, and how often these relationships are thoroughly delineated within the context of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Thus, the aim was to conduct a systematic search and qualitative, thematic analysis of RCTs focusing on lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention or management, to examine how researchers discuss body weight in 1) the rationale and design of their RCTs; and 2) their presentation and interpretation of their findings.Methods: We completed an electronic search for records published between 2007 and November 2016. Selection criteria included: RCTs with a follow-up period of ≥12 months; adult participants with type 2 diabetes/pre-diabetes; lifestyle interventions classified as dietary, exercise, and/or behavioural; primary outcomes of incident diabetes and complications, mortality, cardiovascular disease, and quality of life; and secondary outcomes of glycemic control and blood pressure. Nineteen articles were identified for inclusion and subject to thematic content analysis.Results: Obesity and weight loss figured prominently in the rationale and outcomes of the majority of the articles, despite intentional exclusion of "weight loss" and "obesity" as search terms. There was ambiguity over whether weight loss was classified as inclusive to the intervention, an outcome, or a measure of adherence. Results revealed that authors frequently engaged in "spin reporting" by pooling data from intervention and control groups to test the relationship between weight lost and outcomes and in their presentation of results.Conclusions: Researchers need to be aware of their biases and assumptions regarding body weight in designing, analyzing, and interpreting lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention and management.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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