A novel examination of exposure patterns and posttraumatic stress after a university mass murder.
Objective: Occurring at an alarming rate in the United States, mass violence has been linked to posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in both direct victims and community members who are indirectly exposed. Identifying what distinct exposure patterns exist and their relation to later PTSS has importa...
| Publicado en: | Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy Vol. 11; no. 2; pp. 176 - 184 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | research Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
American Psychological Association
Feb2019
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=134365426&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 134365426 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 19429681 EV2Y jtl: Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy issn: 19429681 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Feb2019 vid: 11 iid: 2 pid: 34 pub: American Psychological Association place: Washington, District of Columbia artinfo: ui: 134365426 134365426 134365426 10.1037/tra0000354 134365426 ppf: 176 ppct: 8 formats: tig: atl: A novel examination of exposure patterns and posttraumatic stress after a university mass murder. aug: au: Liu, Sabrina R. Kia-Keating, Maryam sug: subj: Homicide Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic Diagnosis Exposure to Violence Students, College Psychosocial Factors Human Surveys Internet Data Analysis, Statistical Auditory Perception Visual Perception Interpersonal Relations ab: Objective: Occurring at an alarming rate in the United States, mass violence has been linked to posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in both direct victims and community members who are indirectly exposed. Identifying what distinct exposure patterns exist and their relation to later PTSS has important clinical implications. The present study determined classes of exposure to an event of mass violence, and if PTSS differed across classes. Method: First- and second-year college students (N = 1,189) participated in a confidential online survey following a mass murder at their university, which assessed event exposure and PTSS 3 months later. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to empirically determine distinct classes of exposure patterns and links between class membership and PTSS. Results: The final model yielded 4 classes: minimal exposure (55.5% of sample), auditory exposure (29.4% of sample), visual exposure (10% of sample), and interpersonal exposure (5% of sample). More severe direct exposure (i.e., the visual exposure class) was associated with significantly higher levels of PTSS than the auditory exposure or minimal exposure classes, as was the interpersonal exposure class. There were no significant differences in PTSS between the auditory exposure and minimal exposure classes or the visual exposure and interpersonal exposure classes. Conclusion: Results point to the differential impact of exposure categories, and provide empirical evidence for distinguishing among auditory, visual, and interpersonal exposures to events of mass violence on college campuses. Clinical implications suggest that visual and interpersonal exposure may warrant targeted efforts following mass violence. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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