Income Stratification among Occupational Classes in the United States.
Stratification and inequality are among the most central concepts in sociology, and although related, they are fundamentally distinct: inequality refers to the extent to which resources are distributed unevenly across individuals or between population subgroups, whereas stratification refers to the...
| Publicado en: | Social Forces Vol. 97; no. 3; pp. 945 - 973 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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Oxford University Press / USA
Mar2019
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=135296894&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 135296894 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00377732 SFR jtl: Social Forces issn: 00377732 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Mar2019 vid: 97 iid: 3 pid: 622 pub: Oxford University Press / USA artinfo: ui: 135296894 10.1093/sf/soy074 ppf: 945 ppct: 28 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 1.4MB tig: atl: Income Stratification among Occupational Classes in the United States. aug: au: Zhou, Xiang Wodtke, Geoffrey T affil: Harvard University University of Toronto su: United States Income inequality Occupations Social stratification Social classes Equality Sociology Hierarchies Social conditions in the United States, 1980- sug: subj: Income inequality Occupations Social stratification Social classes Equality Sociology United States Hierarchies Social conditions in the United States, 1980- keyword: class income inequality occupation stratification class income inequality occupation stratification ab: Stratification and inequality are among the most central concepts in sociology, and although related, they are fundamentally distinct: inequality refers to the extent to which resources are distributed unevenly across individuals or between population subgroups, whereas stratification refers to the extent to which population subgroups occupy distinct hierarchical layers within an overall resource distribution. Despite the centrality of stratification in theories of class structure, prior empirical studies have focused exclusively on measures of inequality, which do not accurately capture the degree of class stratification and suffer from a variety of methodological limitations. In this paper, we employ a novel rank-based index of stratification to measure the degree to which occupational classes inhabit distinct, non-overlapping, and hierarchically arranged layers in the distribution of personal market income. The stratification index is nonparametric, both scale and translation invariant, and independent of the level of inequality. Based on this index, our results show that the US income distribution is highly stratified by occupational class and that the degree of class stratification increased substantially from 1980 to 2016. Moreover, we find that this trend is almost entirely due to growing stratification among aggregate occupational classes rather than among the disaggregate occupations nested within them. Finally, a set of counterfactual analyses indicate that the rise of occupational class stratification is driven by increases in the income returns to education, deunionization, and deindustrialization, although the relative importance of these factors varies by gender. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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