Income Stratification among Occupational Classes in the United States.

Stratification and inequality are among the most central concepts in sociology, and although related, they are fundamentally distinct: inequality refers to the extent to which resources are distributed unevenly across individuals or between population subgroups, whereas stratification refers to the...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Social Forces Vol. 97; no. 3; pp. 945 - 973
Autores principales: Zhou, Xiang, Wodtke, Geoffrey T
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Mar2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=135296894&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 135296894
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        00377732
        SFR
      jtl: Social Forces
      issn: 00377732
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Mar2019
      vid: 97
      iid: 3
      pid: 622
      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
    artinfo:
      ui:
        135296894
        10.1093/sf/soy074
      ppf: 945
      ppct: 28
      formats:
        fmt:
          – @attributes:
              type: T
          – @attributes:
              type: P
              size: 1.4MB
      tig:
        atl: Income Stratification among Occupational Classes in the United States.
      aug:
        au:
          Zhou, Xiang
          Wodtke, Geoffrey T
        affil:
          Harvard University
          University of Toronto
      su:
        United States
        Income inequality
        Occupations
        Social stratification
        Social classes
        Equality
        Sociology
        Hierarchies
        Social conditions in the United States, 1980-
      sug:
        subj:
          Income inequality
          Occupations
          Social stratification
          Social classes
          Equality
          Sociology
          United States
          Hierarchies
          Social conditions in the United States, 1980-
      keyword:
        class
        income
        inequality
        occupation
        stratification
        class
        income
        inequality
        occupation
        stratification
      ab: Stratification and inequality are among the most central concepts in sociology, and although related, they are fundamentally distinct: inequality refers to the extent to which resources are distributed unevenly across individuals or between population subgroups, whereas stratification refers to the extent to which population subgroups occupy distinct hierarchical layers within an overall resource distribution. Despite the centrality of stratification in theories of class structure, prior empirical studies have focused exclusively on measures of inequality, which do not accurately capture the degree of class stratification and suffer from a variety of methodological limitations. In this paper, we employ a novel rank-based index of stratification to measure the degree to which occupational classes inhabit distinct, non-overlapping, and hierarchically arranged layers in the distribution of personal market income. The stratification index is nonparametric, both scale and translation invariant, and independent of the level of inequality. Based on this index, our results show that the US income distribution is highly stratified by occupational class and that the degree of class stratification increased substantially from 1980 to 2016. Moreover, we find that this trend is almost entirely due to growing stratification among aggregate occupational classes rather than among the disaggregate occupations nested within them. Finally, a set of counterfactual analyses indicate that the rise of occupational class stratification is driven by increases in the income returns to education, deunionization, and deindustrialization, although the relative importance of these factors varies by gender.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N