Essential Statistical Concepts for Research in Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences.

Purpose: Clinicians depend on the accuracy of research in the speech, language, and hearing sciences to improve assessment and treatment of patients with communication disorders. Although this work has contributed to great advances in clinical care, common statistical misconceptions remain, which de...

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Published in:Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Vol. 62; no. 3; pp. 489 - 498
Main Authors: Oleson, Jacob J., Brown, Grant D., McCreery, Ryan
Format: Article
Published: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Mar2019
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Mar2019
      vid: 62
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      pub: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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        10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-ASTM-18-0239
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        atl: Essential Statistical Concepts for Research in Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences.
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          Oleson, Jacob J.
          Brown, Grant D.
          McCreery, Ryan
        affil:
          Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City
          Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE
      su:
        Analysis of variance
        Treatment of communicative disorders
        Analysis of covariance
        Confidence intervals
        Probability theory
        Regression analysis
        Statistics
        Data analysis
        Communicative disorders research
        Statistical significance
        Effect sizes (Statistics)
        Independent variables
        Null hypothesis
      sug:
        subj:
          Analysis of variance
          Treatment of communicative disorders
          Analysis of covariance
          Confidence intervals
          Probability theory
          Regression analysis
          Statistics
          Data analysis
          Communicative disorders research
          Statistical significance
          Effect sizes (Statistics)
          Independent variables
          Null hypothesis
      ab: Purpose: Clinicians depend on the accuracy of research in the speech, language, and hearing sciences to improve assessment and treatment of patients with communication disorders. Although this work has contributed to great advances in clinical care, common statistical misconceptions remain, which deserve closer inspection in the field. Challenges in applying and interpreting traditional statistical methods with behavioral data from humans have led to difficulties with replication and reproducibility in other allied scientific fields, including psychology and medicine. The importance of research in our fields of study for advancing science and clinical care for our patients means that the choices of statistical methods can have far-reaching, real-world implications. Method: The goal of this article is to provide an overview of fundamental statistical concepts and methods that are used in the speech, language, and hearing sciences. Results: We reintroduce basic statistical terms such as the p value and effect size, as well as recommended procedures for model selection and multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Research in the speech, language, and hearing sciences can have a profound positive impact on the lives of individuals with communication disorders, but the validity of scientific findings in our fields is enhanced when data are analyzed using sound statistical methods. Misunderstanding or misinterpretation of basic statistical principles may erode public trust in research findings. Recommendations for practices that can help minimize the likelihood of errors in statistical inference are provided.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
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    language: English
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