Using wastewater‐based analysis to monitor the effects of legalized retail sales on cannabis consumption in Washington State, USA.

Aims: To perform a wastewater‐based analysis to explore the impact of newly legalized retail cannabis sales on its use and to determine if this approach could estimate the size of the legal market place, which began 1 August 2014 in the study area. Design Laboratory study of raw wastewater samples c...

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Publicado en:Addiction Vol. 114; no. 9; pp. 1582 - 1591
Autores principales: Burgard, Daniel A., Williams, Jason, Westerman, Danielle, Rushing, Rosie, Carpenter, Riley, LaRock, Addison, Sadetsky, Jane, Clarke, Jackson, Fryhle, Heather, Pellman, Melissa, Banta‐Green, Caleb J.
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Sep2019
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Using wastewater‐based analysis to monitor the effects of legalized retail sales on cannabis consumption in Washington State, USA.
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          Burgard, Daniel A.
          Williams, Jason
          Westerman, Danielle
          Rushing, Rosie
          Carpenter, Riley
          LaRock, Addison
          Sadetsky, Jane
          Clarke, Jackson
          Fryhle, Heather
          Pellman, Melissa
          Banta‐Green, Caleb J.
        affil: Department of Chemistry, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma WA, USA
      sug:
        subj:
          Waste Products Analysis
          Water Analysis
          Cannabis Analysis
          Medical Marijuana Legislation and Jurisprudence
          Drug Utilization Washington
          Medical Marijuana Supply and Distribution
          Marketing Washington
          Human
          Washington
          Quantitative Studies
          Metabolites
          Chromatography, Liquid Methods
          Mass Spectrometry Methods
          Terpenes Analysis
      ab: Aims: To perform a wastewater‐based analysis to explore the impact of newly legalized retail cannabis sales on its use and to determine if this approach could estimate the size of the legal market place, which began 1 August 2014 in the study area. Design Laboratory study of raw wastewater samples collected and analyzed over the 3‐year period from 2014 to 2016. Setting and Participants: Samples obtained from the two wastewater treatment plants that serviced a municipality of 200 000 people in the state of Washington, USA. Measurements Quantitative analysis of 24‐hour composite influent samples for the metabolite of the active ingredient in cannabis, 11‐nor‐9‐Carboxy‐Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC‐COOH) were performed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Findings Wastewater estimates for THC‐COOH increased by 9% per quarter, suggesting a doubling in cannabis consumption from 1 December 2013 to 31 December 2016. State‐sold THC increased at nearly 70% per quarter, while stores operated from 1 August 2014 to 31 December 2016. Estimating the proportion of the total cannabis market supplied by state‐regulated cannabis from these data is not currently achievable. Conclusion: A wastewater‐based measure of cannabis consumption suggests a significant increase in consumption in Washington, USA following legalization, and that legal sales appear to have displaced a large portion of the illicit market.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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        research
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      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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